Ububiko bwa Batiri izuba

Shakisha ibijyanye no kubika imirasire y'izuba, harimo nibitangwa, niba ukeneye imirasire y'izuba kugirango ushyire hamwe niba ugomba kubona imwe.

 

Turababwira ibyo mukeneye kumenya byose kuri bateri yingufu zo murugo (cyangwa bateri yizuba).

Kuva aho ingo zishobora kungukirwa no gushora imari mu kubika ingufu, ni ubuhe bwoko bwa bateri iboneka, ni izihe marike zibikora, ndetse n’igiciro cyazo.

Ububiko bwa batiri yizuba ni iki?

Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, nayo bita urugo cyangwa bateri yizuba, igufasha gufata amashanyarazi kugirango ubashe kuyakoresha mugihe kindi. Kurugero, urashobora kubika amashanyarazi imirasire yizuba itanga kumanywa hanyuma ukayikoresha nijoro.

Ibirango binini byikoranabuhanga birimo Samsung na Tesla bigurisha sisitemu yo kubika ingufu-murugo. Ibigo bitanga ingufu birimo EDF Energy, Eon na Ovo nabyo bigurisha imirasire yizuba hamwe nububiko. 

Ingufu za EDF zigurisha bateri yizuba ya Powervault ikavuga ko abakiriya bashobora kugabanyirizwa inyungu kugirango bafashe EDF kuringaniza imiyoboro. Ivuga ko igerageza gukora 'urusobe rw'ibikoresho bito' kugira ngo bifashe kuringaniza impinga n'inkomoko y'umusaruro w'ingufu n'ibisabwa abakiriya '.

Eon igurisha bateri kuruhande rwizuba kugirango abakiriya bashobore kubika amashanyarazi arenze urugero, cyangwa kwishyuza imodoka yabo yamashanyarazi. Irimo kandi kwishyura abakiriya amashanyarazi arenze bohereza muri gride.

Ovo igurisha ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu murugo byishyura kuri gride mugihe amashanyarazi ahendutse kandi adakoresha ingufu za karubone, akayirekura kugirango akoreshe ibikoresho mugihe amashanyarazi ari menshi kandi akoresha cyane karubone nyuma.

Ubu buhanga bushya bushobora kuba bwiza gusuzuma niba ubyara ingufu murugo ariko ushobora gukoresha byinshi - cyangwa uteganya gutangira kubikora.

Soma kugirango umenye ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bibika ingufu, uko bigura, nibyiza nibibi bya bateri. Cyangwa gusimbuka neza kumeza yacu ya bateri ziheruka.

 

Kubika batiri izuba birakwiye murugo rwanjye?

Niba ufite imirasire y'izuba ya PV, cyangwa ukaba uteganya kuyishiraho, noneho gukoresha bateri zo murugo kugirango ubike amashanyarazi wabyaye bizagufasha gukoresha ingufu nyinshi ushobora gukoresha. Mubyukuri, 60% byabantu bafite, cyangwa batekereza, bateri yo murugo batubwiye impamvu yabyo kugirango bashobore gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi akomoka kumirasire yizuba. *

Kubika ingufu-murugo bizagabanya kandi amashanyarazi ukoresha kuri gride, kandi ugabanye fagitire. Niba inzu yawe idafite gride, irashobora kugufasha kugabanya imikoreshereze y’ibicanwa biva mu kirere.

Mu minsi ya vuba, igihe-cyo-gukoresha-ibiciro bizagufasha kubika amashanyarazi mugihe bihendutse (ijoro ryose, urugero) kuburyo ushobora kuyikoresha mugihe cyimpera. Ibigo bike byingufu byatangije ibi bimaze.

Kubika urugo-ingufu bizagutwara hejuru yama pound 2000, ugomba rero kumenya neza ko igishoro cyawe gifite agaciro.

Niba uri murugo kumanywa kandi ukaba usanzwe ukoresha igice kinini cyamashanyarazi ubyara, cyangwa ugahindura amashanyarazi asagutse kugirango ushushe amazi yawe (urugero), noneho bateri ntishobora kuba nziza kuri wewe.

Ibi biterwa nuko kubika urugo-ingufu bizagutwara amafaranga arenga 2000, bityo ugomba kumenya neza ko ari igishoro cyiza. 

Niba ushaka kuzigama amafaranga ushyiraho ububiko bwingufu, nka 17% yahe? abanyamuryango bashishikajwe na bateri zo murugo *, soma kubitekerezo byacu byambere bya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ziboneka ubu.

Mbere yo gutekereza kubika amashanyarazi, menya neza ko urugo rwawe rukoresha ingufu zishoboka.

Nshobora kuzigama amafaranga hamwe na bateri yizuba?

Ninde? abanyamuryango twavuganye mubusanzwe bishyuye amafaranga ari munsi ya 3000 (25%) cyangwa hagati ya 4000 na 7,000 (41%) kuri sisitemu yo kubika bateri (ukuyemo ikiguzi cya PV izuba, aho bibaye ngombwa). Ibiciro byavuzwe mu mbonerahamwe ikurikira biri hagati yama pound 2,500 kugeza 5,900. 

Nangahe? abanyamuryango bishyuye bateri yizuba

Gushiraho uburyo bwo kubika urugo-ingufu nishoramari rirambye kugirango rifashe kugabanya fagitire zingufu, nubwo ibi bidashobora kuba intego yawe.

Niba bateri izigama amafaranga bizaterwa na:

· Igiciro cyo kwishyiriraho

· Ubwoko bwa sisitemu yashyizweho (DC cyangwa AC, chimie ya bateri, guhuza)

· Uburyo ikoreshwa (harimo nuburyo bwo kugenzura algorithm)

· Igiciro cyamashanyarazi (nuburyo gihinduka mubuzima bwa sisitemu)

Ubuzima bwa bateri.

 

Sisitemu nyinshi zizana garanti yimyaka 10. Bakenera kubungabungwa bike, ikiguzi nyamukuru nigikorwa cyambere. Niba uyishizemo izuba PV (ishobora kumara imyaka 25 cyangwa irenga), ugomba gushira mugiciro cyo gusimbuza bateri.

Mugihe ikiguzi cya bateri ari kinini, bizatwara igihe kinini kugirango bateri yishyure ubwayo. Ariko niba ibiciro bya batiri bigabanutse mugihe kizaza (nkibiciro byizuba ryizuba), nibiciro byamashanyarazi byiyongera, noneho ibihe byo kwishyura byazamuka.

Ibigo bimwe bibika bitanga inyungu zamafaranga - kurugero, kwishura cyangwa kugabanya ibiciro byo gutanga serivise kuri gride (urugero kureka amashanyarazi asohoka muri gride abikwa muri bateri yawe). Niba ufite imodoka yamashanyarazi, kuba ushobora kubika amashanyarazi ahendutse kugirango yishyure birashobora kugufasha kugabanya ibiciro byawe.

Ntabwo twigeze tugerageza sisitemu yo kubika ingufu-murugo kugirango tubashe kubara amafaranga ashobora kugura cyangwa kugukiza. Icyakora ugomba kuzirikana niba uri ku giciro gifite ibiciro bitandukanye byamashanyarazi bitewe nigihe cyumunsi kandi, niba ubyara amashanyarazi yawe, angahe muribi ukoresha usanzwe.

 

Niba ubonye Igiciro cyo Kugaburira (FIT), igice cyacyo gishingiye ku mubare w'amashanyarazi utanga no kohereza mu mukandara. Uzakenera kwiyandikisha usanzwe kugirango wakire FIT nkuko ifunze kubisabwa bishya. Niba udafite metero yubwenge umubare w'amashanyarazi wohereza hanze ugera kuri 50% mubyo ubyara. 

Niba ufite metero yubwenge, ubwishyu bwawe bwohereza hanze buzaba bushingiye kumibare yoherejwe hanze. Ariko, niba nawe ufite bateri yo murugo yashizwemo, amafaranga yohereza hanze azagereranywa na 50% yibyo winjiza. Ibi biterwa nuko metero yohereza hanze idashobora kumenya niba amashanyarazi yoherejwe muri bateri yawe yabanje gukorwa na panne yawe cyangwa yakuwe muri gride.

Niba ushaka gushyiraho imirasire y'izuba hamwe na batiri yizuba, ibiciro bishya bya Smart Export Garanti (SEG) bizaguhemba kumashanyarazi arenze ayo ushobora kubyara no kohereza muri gride. Bake cyane muribi bibaho ariko ibigo byose bifite abakiriya barenga 150.000 bagomba kubitanga bitarenze umwaka. Gereranya ibiciro kugirango ubone ibyiza kuriwe - ariko urebe ko wemerewe niba ufite ububiko bwashizweho.

Gutera inkunga kubika ingufu

Umubare muto wa Ninde? abanyamuryango twavuganye bishyuye amafaranga arenga 7000 kuri bateri yabo yo murugo, nubwo kimwe cya kane cyabo bishyuye munsi yama pound 3000. Nyamara, biracyari ishoramari rikomeye.

Uburyo bumwe nukwishura bateri yawe imbere ukoresheje kuzigama. Ariko niba udafite amafaranga yo gukora ibi, urashobora gushaka inguzanyo. Ariko, wibuke ko ugomba kwishyura inyungu kumafaranga uguza, bityo rero menya neza ko inyungu ziva mububiko zisumba ibi.

Niba utuye muri otcosse, leta itanga inguzanyo zidafite inyungu kubafite amazu kugirango batere inkunga izigama ingufu, harimo no kubika ingufu. Urashobora kuguza kugeza kuri, 000 15,000, ugomba kwishyura mu myaka 10. Reba Ingufu Zizigama Urugo Ingufu Scotland kugirango umenye byinshi.

Ibicuruzwa bibikwa

Nka tekinoroji nshya ugereranije, hariho ibicuruzwa bigarukira, ariko bigenda byiyongera. Ubushobozi bwa bateri nshya ya lithium-ion iri hagati ya 1kWh kugeza 8kWh; sisitemu ya 4kWh yabika ingufu zihagije zo guteka isafuriya inshuro 37, nkuko bitangazwa na Energy Saving Trust. 

Niba ushaka ubushobozi bunini, ibigo bimwe bitanga 'stackable' sisitemu ihuza bateri zirenze imwe.

Izi ntera kuva mubunini bwa mudasobwa nto kugeza ku mashini imesa. Ubushobozi bunini busobanura bateri nini kandi iremereye. Sisitemu ntoya irashobora gushyirwaho urukuta, mugihe nini nini yicaye hasi.

Koresha imbonerahamwe ikurikira kugirango ugereranye ibiciro bya batiri biheruka, ubushobozi nibintu byingenzi.

Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu
Ibicuruzwa	Igiciro (usibye kwishyiriraho)	Ingano (cm)	Ibiro (kg)	Ubushobozi	Garanti	Ibintu by'ingenzi	Kuboneka
Banki y'ingufu ya Duracell	£ 4499	68 x 26 x 61	96	3.3kWh	Imyaka 10	Urashobora gukurikirana amashanyarazi no kubika ukoresheje porogaramu. Ubushobozi bwo gucuruza na gride.	Biboneka muri Duracell.
Shyiramo Bateri ya AC	£ 1.699	39 x 33 x 22	23	1.2kWh	Imyaka 10	Enphase Kumurika software ikwereka umusaruro ningufu.	Iraboneka binyuze mubwongereza.
LG Chem Resu	£ 5,545 +	44 x 43 x 10	33	3.3kWh	Kugera ku myaka 10	Birashobora kuba urukuta cyangwa hasi.	Binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwa Eon.
Moixa Bateri Yubwenge (AC)	£ 2,950 - £ 3,450 (harimo no kwishyiriraho)	51 x 35 x 25	40 cyangwa 49	2kWh cyangwa 3kWh	Imyaka 10 (yongerewe kubanyamuryango ba Gridshare)	Moixa izishyura £ 50 kumwaka kugirango igurishe ingufu zirenze zibitswe muri bateri yawe ukoresheje GridShare ihuza urubuga.	Kuboneka biturutse kuri Moixa.
Nissan xStorage	£ 5,550 +	122 x 89 x 22	135	4.2kWh na 6kWh	Imyaka 5-10	Batteri yongeye gukoreshwa mumodoka ya Nissan. Porogaramu yo gucunga ingufu murugo ikurikirana kubika no gukoresha.	Biboneka muri Nissan.
Imbaraga 3	£ 3,229 (4kWh) £ 4,999 (8kWh) (byose usibye TVA)	97 x 100 x 25 (icyitegererezo gito)	129kg (4kWh) kugeza 179kg (8kWh)	4kWh na 8kWh	Imyaka 10	Imiyoboro ya interineti ikurikirana imikorere yishyurwa. Ubushobozi bwubatswe bwo gutanga serivise.	Ushobora kuboneka muri Powervault, abashiraho mubwongereza hamwe nababitanga.
Samsung SDI Byose-muri-imwe	, 500 5.500	100 x 27 x 68	95	3.6kWh	Imyaka 5	Sisitemu yo gukurikirana itahura amakosa kandi ikwemerera kugenzura bateri kure. Kuboneka kumurongo no kugendanwa.	Biboneka mu Bwongereza.
Sisitemu ya Bateri ya SolaX	£ 1,920 +	33 x 45 x 11	26 cyangwa 44	3.3 kWt cyangwa 6.5kWh	Imyaka 10	Umuyoboro wa Solax uragufasha gukurikirana sisitemu yawe kure no guhitamo ibintu kumashanyarazi.	Iraboneka binyuze mubwongereza.
Tesla Powerwall	£ 6.200	74 x 111 x 14	125	13.5kWh	Imyaka 10	Porogaramu ya Tesla igufasha gukurikirana sisitemu yawe.	Kuboneka biturutse kuri Tesla.
Varta Pulse 3 na 6	£ 3,729 + (exlc TVA)	60 x 69 x 19	45 na 65	3.3kWh na 6.5kWh	Imyaka 10	Ububiko bwa Varta bugufasha gukurikirana no kugenzura sisitemu yawe kure.	Iraboneka binyuze mubwongereza bwashizeho ..

Wibuke ko ubushobozi bukoreshwa mubusanzwe butarenze ubushobozi bwavuzwe. Ni ukubera ko bateri ikunda gutakaza imbaraga mukwishyuza no gusohora, kandi ibyinshi ntabwo byashizweho kugirango bisohore byuzuye muburyo busanzwe.  

Ibicuruzwa biri mu mbonerahamwe iri hejuru byateguwe gukorana na gride. Niba utari grid, vugana nuwashizeho kugirango ubone sisitemu ikwiye kubibazo byawe.

Nyuma yo guhagarika gahunda yo kugaburira ibiryo muri Werurwe 2019, Ikea yavuze ko yashyize ingufu z'izuba 'mu isuzuma'. Ntabwo ubu igurisha ububiko bwingufu murugo.

 

Mbere yo gushiraho sisitemu yo kubika ingufu-murugo

Reba niba urimo gutanga amashanyarazi ahagije udakoresha kugirango bikwiriye kongerwaho ububiko bwingufu zuba zikoresha izuba.

Niba ushaka kwirinda kwirinda amashanyarazi ukoresheje bateri yo murugo, nka 4% yahe? abanyamuryango bafite imirasire yizuba batunze cyangwa batekereza sisitemu ya bateri yatubwiye ko aribyo, ntabwo sisitemu zose zibereye.

Shaka amagambo yatanzwe nabashiraho benshi kubiciro byo kwishyiriraho no kugereranya kuzigama. Basabe kugusobanurira kubara no kubaza ikintu cyose utazi neza.

Reba neza ko ushyiraho umukono kuri kode nshya y’umuguzi (RECC), ubu ikubiyemo ububiko. Ibi bivuze ko biyandikishije kurwego rwo hejuru rwimyitwarire, harimo gutanga amakuru meza kubyerekeye kwishyiriraho. Ufite kandi uburyo bwo kurega kwa RECC niba hari ibitagenda neza.

Hagati aho, Microgeneration Certificate Scheme (MCS) irimo gutegura ibyemezo bya sisitemu yo kubika batiri. Ivuga ko ibi bizafasha kurengera abaguzi.

Ningomba kugira imirasire y'izuba kugirango nshyiremo bateri?

Oya. Urashobora kwishyuza bateri yo murugo ukoresheje amashanyarazi ugura kuri gride. Niba ufite igihe-cyo gukoresha igiciro cyamashanyarazi urashobora kuzigama amafaranga ukoresheje bateri yawe mugihe amashanyarazi ahendutse, kandi ugakoresha ingufu zivuyemo kugirango utagura kuri gride mugihe cyibihe byiza. 

Ariko abantu benshi ntibafite igihe-cyo-gukoresha-ibiciro. Ibi bizagenda biboneka cyane nkuko metero yubwenge yazinduwe. Ubukungu 7 nubukungu 10 nubwoko buriho mugihe cyo gukoresha-ibiciro, mubisanzwe bifitanye isano na sisitemu yo gushyushya ububiko.

Niba ufite imodoka yamashanyarazi, metero zubwenge bivuze ko uzashobora gukoresha ibyawe kubika no gukoresha amashanyarazi kuva kuri gride. Reba imodoka nziza zamashanyarazi.

Sisitemu yo kubika bateri

Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwo kwishyiriraho bateri: sisitemu ya DC na AC.

Sisitemu ya DC

Sisitemu ya DC ihujwe neza nisoko yibisekuruza (urugero: imirasire y'izuba), mbere ya metero itanga amashanyarazi. Ntuzakenera indi inverter, ikora neza, ariko kwishyuza no gusohora ntibikora neza, birashobora rero kugira ingaruka kuri FIT yawe (ibi ntibisanzwe niba uhinduye bateri kuri sisitemu ya PV iriho).  

Sisitemu ya DC ntishobora kwishyurwa kuri gride, nkuko byemezwa ningufu zo kuzigama ingufu.

Sisitemu ya batiri ya AC

Ibi bihujwe nyuma ya metero yo kubyara amashanyarazi. Uzakenera rero amashanyarazi ya AC-to-DC kugirango uhindure amashanyarazi ubyara muri AC ushobora gukoresha murugo rwawe (hanyuma ukongera ukabibika muri bateri yawe). 

Sisitemu ya AC ihenze kuruta sisitemu ya DC, nkuko bitangazwa na Energy Saving Trust. Ariko sisitemu ya AC ntabwo izahindura ubwishyu bwa FITs, kuko metero yibisekuruza irashobora kwandikisha umusaruro wose wa sisitemu.

Inama yo kwishyiriraho bateri

Niba urimo ushyiraho sisitemu yo kubika, ugomba kumenyesha umuyobozi wogukwirakwiza imiyoboro - reba hamwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’ingufu niba utazi neza uwo ari we. Urashobora kandi gukenera kumenyesha inama njyanama yawe.

Witondere kugurisha igitutu. Reba imirasire y'izuba igura inama kubintu ugomba kureba, harimo kugabanya byihuse amagambo no kubura amakuru arambuye. RECC yakiriye ikirego kimwe mu cyumweru kijyanye no kubika batiri muri 2017.

Ububiko bwa batiri izuba: ububiko nibibi

Ibyiza:

· Igufasha gukoresha amashanyarazi menshi.

· Ibigo bimwe bikwishura kubera kwemerera bateri yawe gukoreshwa mukubika amashanyarazi arenze.

· Birashobora kugufasha gukoresha amashanyarazi ahendutse.

· Saba bike cyane Shakisha ibijyanye no kubika imirasire y'izuba, harimo n'ibiri gutangwa, niba ukeneye imirasire y'izuba kugirango ushyireho kimwe niba ugomba kubona imwe.

 

Turababwira ibyo mukeneye kumenya byose kuri bateri yingufu zo murugo (cyangwa bateri yizuba).

Kuva aho ingo zishobora kungukirwa no gushora imari mu kubika ingufu, ni ubuhe bwoko bwa bateri iboneka, ni izihe marike zibikora, ndetse n’igiciro cyazo.