Nigute Wire Off-Grid Solar Yizewe

Urashobora gukoresha Off-Grid Solar neza niba uteganya buri ntambwe. Hitamo ibice bikwiye kuri sisitemu. Kuringaniza insinga nziza ni ngombwa. Guhagarara neza bituma ibintu bigira umutekano. Ibikoresho byo kurinda bifasha guhagarika ubushyuhe bukabije. Barinda kandi kunanirwa kwa sisitemu. Ibibazo byumutekano bikunze kugaragara ni kwangirika kwimbeba, ubushuhe, kwangirika, hamwe no guhitamo nabi fuse cyangwa guhitamo insinga. Reba kumeza hepfo kugirango urebe icyo ugomba kureba:

Hamwe n'intambwe zisobanutse, urashobora kugira insinga zizuba zitekanye kandi zizewe.

Ibyingenzi

• Tekereza ibyawe sisitemu y'izuba hanze ya grid mbere yuko utangira. Shakisha ingufu ukoresha buri munsi. Ongeraho 20% kubindi bikenewe nyuma.

• Toranya ingano yukuri kugirango insinga zidashyuha cyane. Koresha insinga zibyibushye niba insinga ari ndende cyangwa niba zishyushye cyane.

• Buri gihe uhagarike sisitemu kugirango urinde abantu guhungabana. Gutaka kandi birinda ibikoresho byawe kwangirika. Kurikiza amategeko ya NEC kugirango ugumane umutekano.

• Koresha fus na break break kugirango sisitemu yawe igire umutekano. Bafasha guhagarika insinga gushyuha cyane. Barafasha irinde umuriro.

• Reba sisitemu yawe mbere yo kuyifungura. Reba amasano yose hamwe. Menya neza ko insinga zitangiritse. Ibi birinda sisitemu yawe umutekano.

Gutegura Imirasire y'izuba itari munsi ya gride

Inkomoko y'Ishusho: Kurekura

Ingano no Guhitamo Ibigize

Ugomba gutangira gahunda yizuba ya sisitemu yo kubimenya imbaraga zingana iki ukoresha buri munsi. Kora urutonde rwibikoresho byose nibikoresho ushaka gukoresha hamwe nizuba ryizuba rya gride. Andika wattage kuri buri kintu n'amasaha ukoresha buri munsi. Kugwiza wattage kumasaha kugirango ubone ingufu za buri munsi kuri buri gikoresho. Ongeraho imibare yose kugirango ubone imbaraga zawe za buri munsi. Buri gihe ongeraho 20% buffer kugirango ukoreshwe cyangwa ibikenewe ejo hazaza. Iyi ntambwe igufasha guhitamo ingano ikwiye ya sisitemu izuba.

Mugihe uhisemo ibice bya sisitemu yizuba ya sisitemu, reba umutekano n'ubuziranenge . Imirasire y'izuba igomba kuba yujuje ubuziranenge bwa UL, IEC, cyangwa TUV. Batteri ikenera UL 1973 cyangwa UL 9540. Inverters igomba gukurikiza amategeko ya UL 1741 cyangwa IEC. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byemeza neza ko sisitemu yizuba ya gride ikora neza kandi ikamara igihe kirekire.

Kuringaniza insinga no Kurema Igishushanyo

Ingano yumugozi ifite akamaro muri buri sisitemu yizuba. Niba ukoresheje insinga ari nto cyane, zirashobora gushyuha kandi zigatera umuriro. Guhitamo insinga iburyo, banza ushake sisitemu igezweho mugabanye imbaraga na voltage. Umugozi muremure ukenera insinga ndende kugirango uhagarike kugabanuka kwa voltage. Ikirere gishyushye kandi bivuze ko ushobora gukenera insinga ndende. Shushanya igishushanyo cya sisitemu yo gukoresha izuba. Iki gishushanyo cyerekana uburyo buri gice gihuza. Iragufasha kwirinda amakosa kandi ikomeza sisitemu yizuba itagaragara.

Ibikoresho na PPE

Ukeneye ibikoresho byiza nibikoresho byumutekano kuri sisitemu yizuba ya gride. Koresha insinga, insinga, hamwe na screwdrivers. Wambare uturindantoki n'ibirahure by'umutekano kugirango wirinde. Shyiramo inkoni zo hasi hanyuma ukoreshe uburinzi bwa surge. Buri gihe ukoreshe fuse na break break muri sisitemu yizuba ya gride. Izi ntambwe zituma wowe na sisitemu yizuba ya gride yawe itagira ingaruka mbi.

Umuyoboro utari munsi ya Grid Solar: Intambwe ku yindi

Urashobora gukoresha insinga zituruka kuri gride izuba neza niba ukurikije intambwe zikurikiranye. Buri ntambwe ifasha kurinda sisitemu yawe no kukurinda umutekano. Gukoresha insinga nziza bihagarika umuriro, guhungabana, nibibazo bya sisitemu. Ukeneye ibikoresho nibikoresho bikwiye kuri buri murongo. Dore uburyo watsindira sisitemu yizuba ya gride.

Ikibaho cyo kwishyuza umugenzuzi

Ubwa mbere, huza imirasire yizuba yawe mugenzuzi. Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro kumashanyarazi meza no gutembera neza. Kurikiza izi ntambwe kugirango ushireho umutekano:

1. Huza imirasire y'izuba. Kuruhererekane rwihuza, ihuza uruhande rwiza rwumwanya umwe kuruhande rubi. Kuburinganire, huza ibyiza byose hamwe nibibi byose hamwe.

2. Kora amahuza mugihe panele itwikiriwe cyangwa mumucyo muto. Ibi bikurinda umutekano.

3. Koresha MC4 ihuza kugirango uhuze. Ihuza rifunga ahantu kandi ikabuza amazi.

4. Shyira kumashanyarazi cyangwa fuse hagati yumwanya hamwe nubushakashatsi. Iki gikoresho gihagarika ibibazo byamashanyarazi kubabaza insinga zawe.

5. Huza umugenzuzi wamafaranga kuri banki ya batiri mbere yuko uhuza imirasire yizuba. Iyi ntambwe ifasha gushiraho sisitemu neza kandi ihagarika ibyangiritse.

6. Shyira fuse cyangwa umuzunguruko wumuzingi kumurongo mwiza uri hagati ya bateri na bateri. Ibi bituma insinga zawe zidashyuha cyane.

Impanuro: Buri gihe ugenzure niba inverter yawe na charge igenzura ikorana nizuba ryizuba. Koresha ingano yukuri kugirango uhagarike insinga gushyuha no gutakaza ingufu.

Abantu bakunze gukora amakosa nko gukoresha insinga ntoya cyane, kwibagirwa fus, cyangwa gukora imiyoboro idakwiye. Urashobora kwirinda ibyo bibazo ukurikiza izi ntambwe kandi ukoresheje ibikoresho byiza.

Kwishyuza Umugenzuzi kuri Banki ya Bateri

Huza umugenzuzi wamafaranga kuri banki ya batiri witonze. Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro mugukoresha neza no kwishyuza neza. Koresha ingano yukuri ya sisitemu yawe. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ingano yinsinga ukeneye kubunini bwa sisitemu zitandukanye:

Komeza kugenzura hafi ya banki ya bateri kugirango ugabanye ingufu za voltage. Koresha metero nyinshi kugirango urebe urwego rwa voltage. Gerageza kugumya kugabanuka kuri voltage kuri 2% cyangwa munsi yayo. Niba ubona birwanya cyane, koresha insinga nini. Tegura gahunda yawe kugirango insinga zigufi. Ibi bituma insinga zawe zifite umutekano kandi zikora neza.

Icyitonderwa: Komeza kugabanuka kumashanyarazi kuri DC zose ziri munsi ya 2%. Intsinga nini zifite imbaraga nke zo guhangana kandi zifasha kugumya voltage guhagarara.

Banki ya Bateri Kuri Inverter

Huza banki ya bateri na inverter hamwe ninsinga zibyibushye. Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro kumashanyarazi meza hamwe nimbaraga zihamye. Gumana insinga ngufi kugirango ugabanye guhangana. Shira fuse nini cyangwa icyuma kizunguruka kumurongo mwiza, hafi ya bateri. Iki gikoresho kirinda insinga zawe niba inverter yananiwe cyangwa hari ngufi.

Gukoresha insinga zibereye bigufasha kwirinda ibibazo nko kwishyurwa kutaringaniye, kutizerana, hamwe n’ingaruka z'umutekano. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ingaruka rusange nicyo bakora:

Inama: Koresha insinga nini cyane ushobora. Gumana insinga mugihe gito gishoboka. Shira fuse cyangwa breaker hafi ya banki ya batiri.

Gukoresha Umuyoboro nu Isanduku

Rinda insinga zawe ukoresheje umuyoboro hamwe nagasanduku. Ibi bice bituma insinga zirinda kwangirika nikirere. Umuyoboro ukora inzitizi irwanya amazi, urumuri rw'izuba, ubushyuhe, n'ibibyimba. Imiyoboro myinshi ikorwa kugirango irwanye urumuri rwizuba kuburyo bimara igihe kirekire. Agasanduku gahuza kugumya guhuza insinga umutekano kandi neza.

Koresha ibice byemewe na UL kugirango ushireho. Ikirangantego cyumutekano kirahagarara neza kugirango gifashe abashinzwe ubutabazi. Imiyoboro hamwe nudusanduku duhuza bifasha kurinda insinga umutekano no gukora neza, nubwo ikirere gihinduka.

• Imiyoboro ituma amazi atagira insinga, ari ngombwa ahantu hagwa imvura cyangwa ubushuhe.

• Zirinda insinga kandi zifasha gukomeza gukonja.

• Agasanduku gahuza komeza insinga kandi byoroshye gusana.

Imenyesha ry'umutekano: Ikabutura y'amashanyarazi mu nsinga ndende irashobora guteza akaga. Buri gihe ukoreshe umuyoboro nu gasanduku kugirango uhuze insinga zawe.

Ukora imirasire y'izuba itari gride kandi ikaramba ukurikiza izi ntambwe. Wiring nziza, ibikoresho byiza byo kurinda, hamwe nibihuza bikomeye bituma sisitemu yawe ikora neza.

Kurinda no Kwirinda

Sisitemu Yubatswe (Inkoni imwe Yubutaka)

Ugomba guhagarika sisitemu yizuba ya gride kugirango uyirinde umutekano. Ubutaka buhagarika guhagarika amashanyarazi, kwangiza ibikoresho, numuriro. Abantu bamwe basimbuka hasi, ariko ni ngombwa cyane. Niba udahagaritse sisitemu yawe, urashobora gutungurwa cyangwa sisitemu yawe igacika. Amakosa yubutaka arashobora gukora flash flash, bikaba biteje akaga kubantu bose bakorera hafi.

Ugomba gukurikiza amategeko yigihugu y’amashanyarazi (NEC) kugirango ahagarare. Banza, reba ubwoko bwubutaka ufite nuburyo butose. Toranya uburyo bwo guhagarara, nkinkoni zubutaka, impeta zubutaka, cyangwa inkingi. Nyundo inkoni y'ubutaka byibuze metero 8 zubujyakuzimu. Koresha ibyuma bikozwe mu muringa cyangwa gusya. Huza ibice byose byicyuma cya sisitemu yawe kubutaka hamwe numuringa mwiza wumuringa. Komeza izo nsinga mugihe gito ushoboye. Gerageza kubona resistance iri munsi ya 5 oms. Koresha metero irwanya isi kugirango ugerageze akazi kawe. Niba kurwanywa ari hejuru cyane, hindura gahunda yawe. Andika uburyo washyizeho byose nyuma.

Impanuro: NEC ibice 250.50 na 250.52 vuga ko ukeneye sisitemu ya electrode. Inkoni nyinshi zubutaka ni ibyuma bikozwe mu muringa, ubugari bwa 5/8 cyangwa 3/4, n'uburebure bwa metero 8 cyangwa 10.

Gutaka neza bigabanya ingaruka ziterwa no guhungabanya ibikoresho byawe. Ikurikiza kandi amategeko kandi ifasha guhagarika umuriro.

Fuse na Kumena Inzira

Ukeneye fuse na break break kugirango urinde izuba ryumuriro utari gride kugirango wirinde ibibazo byamashanyarazi. Fuse irashonga niba ibintu byinshi bitemba, bisenya uruziga bigahagarika ibyangiritse. Ugomba gushyiramo fuse nshya imaze guhuha. Inzitizi zumuzingi zizimya ubwazo mugihe hari byinshi cyane kandi urashobora kuzisubiza inyuma. Fuse ikora byihuse, nibyiza rero guhuza bateri. Inzitizi zumuzingi zitunganya ibintu byoroshye.

Ugomba gushyira fuse na break break zumwanya wingenzi:

• Panel-to-control fuse ihagarika ikibaho kigufi.

• Igenzura-kuri-batiri fuse irinda banki ya batiri na mugenzuzi.

• Bateri-kuri-inverter fuse ihagarika amakosa-agezweho.

Itegeko ryiza nugukoresha breaker yikubye inshuro 1,2 hejuru yikigezweho. Kurugero, niba ufite panne ebyiri 100W kuri 12V, ikigezweho ni 16.7A. Ugomba gukoresha 20A kumena. Kuri inverter, tekereza kumitwaro yo kubaga. Umutwaro wa 2000W ukenera 200A kumena. Renogy avuga gukoresha fuse 100A hagati ya bateri na inverter kugirango umutekano.

Niba udakoresha fus cyangwa ibyuma byumuzunguruko, urashobora kubona ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuriro, cyangwa ibikoresho byacitse. Ugomba guhuza imirasire y'izuba niba amperage ngufi iruta urwego rwibanze rwa fuse. Inzitizi zumuzunguruko zirashobora kubona ibintu biremereye hamwe ninzira ngufi. Bahagarika imbaraga ako kanya kandi bakirinda ibibazo bito kuba bibi.

Imenyesha ryumutekano: Buri gihe ukoreshe fuse iburyo nubunini bwa sisitemu. Iyi ntambwe ningirakamaro cyane kumutekano.

Ibikoresho byo Kurinda

Ibikoresho byo gukingira (SPDs) birinda imirasire y'izuba ya gride ituruka kumashanyarazi atunguranye. Kubaga birashobora kubaho vuba cyangwa buhoro. Barashobora kubabaza ibikoresho byawe kandi bigatuma bitaramba. Inverters iroroshye kwangiza. Kubaga birashobora kumena ingufu za semiconductor, kuvanga imbaho ​​za logique, no gutuma sisitemu inanirwa. Urashobora gutakaza imbaraga kandi ugomba kwishyura amafaranga yo gusana.

Hariho ubwoko butatu bwa SPDs. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana icyo bakora:

Kurinda kubaga bizigama amafaranga mugihe. Kuri sisitemu yo murugo, hari amahirwe ya 20% yo kwiyongera kwangirika mumyaka 25. Ikigereranyo cyangiritse kigura $ 4.500. Igihombo giteganijwe ni $ 900. Kurinda kubaga bigura amadorari 600, bityo uzigama $ 300. Kuri sisitemu yubucuruzi, uzigama birenze.

Icyitonderwa: Ibikoresho byo gukingira bifasha guhagarika gutakaza ingufu, kugabanya amafaranga yo gusana, no gukomeza sisitemu yawe igihe kirekire.

Ugomba gukoresha hasi, fus, kumena imizunguruko, hamwe no gukingira birinda kugirango izuba ryizuba ridafite umutekano. Izi ntambwe zirarinda, ibikoresho byawe, namafaranga yawe.

Gukoresha Sisitemu Yumuriro Wizuba

Urutonde rwumutekano mbere yimbaraga-Hejuru

Mbere yo gufungura amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ugomba kugenzura buri gice kugirango umutekano. Iyi ntambwe igufasha kwirinda ibibazo kandi ikarinda umutekano. Koresha urutonde kugirango uyobore igenzura rya nyuma:

1. Reba imiyoboro yose y'amashanyarazi kugirango ikomere. Insinga zirekuye zirashobora gutera ubushyuhe n'umuriro.

2. Koresha multimeter kugirango ugenzure polarite ya buri gihuza. Polarite itari yo irashobora kwangiza ibikoresho byawe.

3. Kugenzura insinga zose kugirango ucibwe cyangwa umuringa ugaragara. Simbuza insinga zose zangiritse mbere yuko ukomeza.

4. Emeza ko insinga yawe yubutaka ihuza neza ninkoni yubutaka. Ubutaka bwiza burakurinda guhungabana.

5. Ongera usuzume igishushanyo cyawe kugirango umenye neza ko buri gice gihuye na gahunda yawe.

Ugomba kandi gushakisha amakosa asanzwe. Abantu benshi bibagirwa kurinda insinga cyangwa gukoresha imiyoboro itari yo mugihe bifuza imirasire yizuba. Menya neza ko ibirango byose bisobanutse kandi byoroshye gusoma. Reba neza ko ibigo byose bimeze neza kandi ko amasano adafunguye. Niba ubonye ibice cyangwa ahantu hashyushye kuri modul izuba yawe, koresha amashusho yumuriro kugirango ubone ibibazo byihishe.

Impanuro: Gucunga neza insinga hamwe na label isobanutse bituma gusana ejo hazaza byoroshye kandi bifite umutekano.

Intambwe zikurikiranye imbaraga-Hejuru Intambwe

Iyo urangije gushiraho imirasire y'izuba no gukoresha imirasire y'izuba, ugomba kongera ingufu z'izuba rya diy off-grid muburyo bukwiye. Iri teka ririnda ibikoresho byawe kandi rigufasha kubona ibibazo hakiri kare.

1. Zimya kumashanyarazi hagati yumucungamutungo na banki ya batiri. Umugenzuzi wishyuza agomba gucana.

2. Hindura kumena kuva kumirasire yizuba kugeza kumugenzuzi. Ugomba kubona umugenzuzi atangira kwerekana imbaraga zizuba.

3. Fungura inverter yawe yanyuma. Iyi ntambwe ireka amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba atangira kohereza ingufu kubikoresho byawe.

Niba ubonye ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, nka bateri zidafite amafaranga cyangwa kwishyurwa kutaringaniye, reba igishushanyo cyawe wongeye guhuza. Menya neza ko bateri yawe ifite umwuka mwiza hamwe na terefone nziza. Igenzura risanzwe rigufasha kugumisha sisitemu yizuba ya diy off-grid ikora neza no kurinda sisitemu kumyaka.

Icyitonderwa: Buri gihe ukurikize igishushanyo cya wiring na liste yumutekano mbere yuko utanga amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba. Intambwe witonze irinde ibyangiritse kandi ukomeze umushinga wawe diy umutekano.

Urashobora kugumisha izuba rya gride yumuriro mugihe ukurikiranye buri ntambwe. Buri gihe hitamo ingano yukuri ya sisitemu. Witondere gushira sisitemu hanyuma wongere ibikoresho byo kurinda. Reba akazi kawe inshuro ebyiri kugirango ufate amakosa. Niba akazi katoroshye, baza amashanyarazi abifitemo uruhushya. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana impamvu izi ntambwe ari ngombwa:

Iyo watsindiye sisitemu yawe inzira itekanye, ubona imbaraga zihamye. Ukoresha kandi amafaranga make mugukosora ibintu ukumva utuje uzi ko ari umutekano.

Ibibazo

Banki ya batiri ni iki muri sisitemu y'izuba itari gride?

A. banki ya batiri ibika ingufu ziva mumirasire y'izuba. Ukoresha banki ya batiri kugirango ugumane ingufu mugihe izuba ritaka. Banki ya batiri igufasha gukoresha ibikoresho nijoro cyangwa kumunsi wijimye. Uhuza bateri hamwe kugirango ukore banki ya batiri.

Nigute ushobora guhuza bateri kugirango wubake banki ya batiri?

Uhuza bateri mukurikirane cyangwa ugereranije kugirango wubake banki. Guhuza urukurikirane byongera voltage. Ihuza rifitanye isano ryongera ubushobozi. Buri gihe ukoreshe ubwoko bumwe nubunini bwa bateri muri banki yawe. Ibi bifasha banki yawe ya bateri gukora neza kandi ikaramba.

Kuki ukeneye banki ya batiri aho kuba bateri imwe gusa?

Banki ya batiri iguha imbaraga zirenze bateri imwe. Ukeneye banki ya batiri kugirango ubike ingufu zihagije kubyo ukeneye. Batare imwe ntishobora gufata ingufu zingana na banki ya batiri. Gukoresha banki ya batiri bigufasha gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi kandi ufite imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma.

Nigute ushobora kurinda banki ya batiri yawe umutekano?

Urabika banki yawe ya bateri ukoresheje fuse, imashini zangiza, hamwe ninsinga nziza. Buri gihe genzura banki yawe ya batiri kugirango imeneke cyangwa yangiritse. Komeza banki ya batiri yawe isukure kandi yumutse. Koresha insinga zingana kuri banki yawe. Ntuzigere uvanga bateri zishaje kandi nshya muri banki yawe.

Ni kangahe ugomba kugenzura bateri yawe na banki ya batiri?

Ugomba kugenzura bateri yawe na banki ya batiri buri kwezi. Shakisha ibimenyetso byo kwambara cyangwa kumeneka muri banki yawe. Gerageza voltage ya bateri yawe. Sukura banki ya bateri. Menya neza ko banki yawe ya batiri igumye yumutse kandi ikonje. Simbuza bateri zangiritse muri banki ya bateri ako kanya.

Impanuro: Banki yatunganijwe neza ifite bateri nziza iguha imbaraga zihamye kandi ikomeza sisitemu yawe umutekano.