Nigute ushobora gushiraho BIPV?

Ushiraho bipv ubanza kugenzura urubuga rwawe. Hanyuma, uhitamo sisitemu iboneye. Ugomba kandi gukurikiza amategeko yaho. Kubaka-gufotora bifotora bikora inyubako nshya nizishaje. Ariko bipv nyinshi zishyirwa mugihe cyo kubaka. Ibi ni ukubera ko ushobora kongeramo module mubishushanyo. Muri 2024, inyubako nshya zigizwe na 67.1% byubatswe. Bipv isanzwe mu nyubako nini z'ubucuruzi no hejuru y'inzu. Ni ukubera ko aha hantu hakeneye ingufu nyinshi. Imijyi nayo ikoresha bipv nyinshi. Isi irashaka inyubako nyinshi zicyatsi, bipv rero iratera imbere. Crystalline silicon modules ikoreshwa cyane. Barazwi cyane kuko bakora imbaraga nyinshi.

Ugomba kugenzura inzira inyubako ireba. Urashaka kandi igicucu ukareba imiterere yinyubako mbere yuko utangira. Bipv ntabwo imeze nkizuba risanzwe. Ihurira mu nyubako yawe. Ikora nkizuba ryizuba kandi nkigice cyinyubako.

Ibyingenzi

• Tangira ugenzura neza urubuga. Shakisha ingufu ukeneye. Reba uko inyubako ireba urebe niba hari igicucu. Kora ibi mbere yuko ushyiraho BIPV.

• Tora sisitemu nziza yo gushiraho BIPV yawe. Urashobora gukoresha inkoni, igizwe, ingingo-ishyigikiwe, cyangwa sisitemu yo guhumeka. Buri bwoko bugira ingingo nziza.

• Menya neza ko ukurikira amategeko yo kubaka . Shaka ibyangombwa byose bikenewe. Ibi bigufasha kwirinda ibibazo kandi bigakomeza umutekano.

• Ugomba kwita kuri sisitemu ya BIPV kenshi. Sukura imbaho ​​hanyuma urebe insinga na mitingi buri mezi atandatu. Ibi bifasha BIPV yawe gukora neza.

• Tekereza amafaranga ushobora kuzigama mugihe hamwe na BIPV. Igiciro cya mbere gishobora kuba kinini. Ariko urashobora kuzigama ingufu kandi wenda ukabona inguzanyo. Ibi birashobora gutuma BIPV ihitamo neza.

Uburyo bwa BIPV

Ufite inzira nke zo gushyira bipv. Inzira zose zikora ku nyubako zitandukanye kandi zisa. Guhitamo inzira nziza bifasha sisitemu yawe gukora neza kandi ikaramba.

Impanuro: Buri gihe hitamo uburyo bwo gushiraho bujyanye ninyubako yawe nikirere.

Incamake ya sisitemu

Ushyira hamwe sisitemu yinkoni ku nyubako. Ikoresha vertical mullions na horizontal transom. Ufashe bipv paneli ifite plaque cyangwa kashe ya kashe. Sisitemu yinkoni igufasha gukora ibishushanyo byihariye byinyubako yawe. Urashobora guhindura imiterere kumiterere idasanzwe cyangwa ingano. Abantu benshi bakoresha ubu buryo kubikorwa bikomeye.

Incamake ya sisitemu

Sisitemu ihuriweho ikoresha module yiteguye. Abakozi bashyize hamwe mu ruganda. Uhuza ibice byihuse kurubuga. Ibice bifunga hamwe kandi byoroshye insinga. Ubu buryo butwara umwanya kandi buhagarika amakosa. Inyubako nini zikunze gukoresha sisitemu ihuriweho na bipv kuko nibyiza kumirimo minini.

Ingingo-Gushyigikirwa Sisitemu Incamake

Ukoresha ingingo-ishigikiwe na sisitemu kubirahure bisobanutse. Igitagangurirwa cy'icyuma gifata ikirahure hejuru. Urabona ibyuma bike, bipv rero isa neza. Ikirahure gifite ibyobo byamaboko yigitagangurirwa. Gukoresha insinga birashobora kugorana kuko nta mullions. Sisitemu nibyiza kubigezweho.

Incamake y'Isura

Umanika bipv paneli kuri gride yicyuma. Hano hari umwanya inyuma yibibaho. Uyu mwanya ureka umwuka ugenda kandi ugakomeza panne. Isura ihumeka ikuraho ubushuhe kandi ifasha sisitemu gukora neza. Urabona iyi nzira cyane ahantu hatose. Isura ihumeka ifasha bipv kumara igihe kirekire.

Intambwe ku yindi Shyira BIPV

Isuzuma ryurubuga

Utangira buri BIPV kwishyiriraho hamwe no gusuzuma neza witonze. Iyi ntambwe igufasha guhitamo niba inyubako yawe yiteguye inyubako-yuzuye ifotora . Ugomba kureba ibintu byinshi:

• Reba imbaraga ukeneye. Kusanya fagitire zingirakamaro kuva umwaka ushize. Ibi bigufasha kubona umubare w'amashanyarazi ukoresha no gushyiraho intego kuri sisitemu ya BIPV.

• Iga icyerekezo cy'inyubako. Igisenge cyangwa inkuta zerekeje mu majyepfo zibona urumuri rwizuba cyane mu majyaruguru yisi. Igisenge cyerekera mu majyepfo kuri 30 ° kigoramye gishobora gukora ingufu zingana na 60% kuruta igisenge kibase cyangwa kireba amajyaruguru. Urukuta rw'iburasirazuba n'iburengerazuba rukora, ariko rukora ingufu nke. Inkuta zo mu majyaruguru ntizikora neza izuba.

• Shakisha igicucu. Ibiti, inyubako zegeranye, hamwe nibisenge birashobora guhagarika izuba. Igicucu kigabanya imbaraga sisitemu yawe ishobora gukora.

• Reba imiterere. Menya neza ko inyubako yawe ishobora gufata uburemere bwibikoresho bya BIPV. Urashobora gukenera injeniyeri yubaka kugirango igufashe.

• Ongera usuzume amategeko yumuriro waho namategeko yo kubaka. Kwishyiriraho BIPV bigomba kuba byujuje ibipimo.

Impanuro: Koresha ibikoresho byerekana ingufu kugirango urebe imbaraga sisitemu ya BIPV ishobora gukora mubihe bitandukanye.

Ibikoresho n'impushya

Ukeneye ibikoresho byiza nimpushya mbere yuko ushyira BIPV. Dore urutonde rwagufasha gutangira:

• Ibikoresho byumutekano (ingofero zikomeye, gants, ibikoresho)

• Gupima kaseti na laser urwego

• Imyitozo hamwe na screwdrivers

• Ibikoresho byo guterura kubintu biremereye

• Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi

• Ibikoresho bifunga kashe kandi birinda ikirere

Ugomba kandi kubona ibyemezo. Imijyi myinshi ikeneye ko ukurikiza ibyubatswe nizuba. Rimwe na rimwe, nta mategeko yihariye ya BIPV, ushobora rero gutinda. Ugomba gutanga ibishushanyo hanyuma ugasaba imiyoboro ya gride hamwe na sosiyete yawe ifasha. Kwipimisha no kwemeza ibicuruzwa birashobora gufata igihe cyinyongera.

Icyitonderwa: Buri gihe ugenzure n'ibiro byubaka byaho mbere yuko utangira. Impushya zirakurinda kandi urebe neza ko kwishyiriraho umutekano.

Guhitamo Sisitemu

Hitamo sisitemu ya BIPV ukurikije ubwoko bwubaka, ingengo yimishinga, nibikenewe. Urashobora gutoranya muburyo butandukanye, nka silisiki ya kristaline cyangwa firime yoroheje. Crystalline silicon ikora neza niba ushaka ingufu nyinshi. Filime yoroheje isa neza niba ushaka urumuri rwinshi ukoresheje panne yawe.

Tekereza aho uzashyira imbaho. Ibisenge, inkuta, na fasade byose birakora, ariko buri kimwe gifite ibisubizo bitandukanye byingufu. Ugomba kandi guhitamo neza inverter hamwe na wiring setup. Menya neza ko sisitemu yawe ihuye ningufu zawe zikeneye kandi zihuye nuburyo bwububiko.

Umuhamagaro: Sisitemu iboneye ituma BIPV yawe imara igihe kirekire kandi ikora neza.

Kwubaka

Ugomba gushiraho panele yawe ya BIPV kugirango igumane umutekano mubihe byose. Ahantu h'umuyaga mwinshi, koresha ama frame ya aluminium kuko arakomeye kandi ntayangirika. Menya neza ko amakadiri akomeye kugirango uhagarike kunama. Shyiramo paneli muburyo nyaburanga kugirango ugabanye umuvuduko wumuyaga.

Rimwe na rimwe, ukenera uburemere bwiyongera (ballast) kugirango panne ikomeze. Ballast irashobora gupima hagati ya 80 na 150 kuri buri kibaho. Injeniyeri yububatsi igomba kugenzura igishushanyo cyawe kugirango urebe neza ko ishobora gutwara umuyaga nizindi mbaraga. Mu bice bya serwakira, koresha ballast hamwe na ankeri kugirango umutekano wiyongere.

Impanuro: Gushiraho neza bituma panne yawe itekanye kandi ibafasha gukora ingufu nyinshi.

Gukoresha no Gukoresha

Wiring nigice cyingenzi cyo kwishyiriraho BIPV. Uhuza panne na inverter hanyuma ugahuza na sisitemu y'amashanyarazi yinyubako. Koresha insinga zingana kandi ukurikize amategeko yigihugu y’amashanyarazi (NEC Ingingo ya 690). Hisha insinga mugihe ubishoboye, cyane cyane kumirahuri yikirahure, kugirango inyubako igaragare neza.

Nyuma yo gukoresha insinga, uragerageza sisitemu. Ibi byitwa komisiyo. Ugenzura ko panne zose zikora, inverter ikora neza, kandi sisitemu ihuza gride. Ugomba kandi kugenzura umutekano, nko kureba neza ko nta nsinga zidakabije cyangwa ingaruka z’umuriro.

Icyitonderwa: Buri gihe ugire amashanyarazi abifitemo uruhushya reba insinga zawe mbere yuko ufungura sisitemu.

Kubungabunga

Ugomba kugira isuku ya BIPV kandi igakora neza. Koza imbaho ​​kugirango ukureho umukungugu n'umwanda. Reba insinga nogushiraho buri mwaka. Shakisha ibice bidakabije, ikirahure kimenetse, cyangwa ibimenyetso byamazi yatembye.

Niba ubona ikibazo, kora ako kanya. Kugenzura buri gihe bifasha sisitemu yawe kumara igihe kirekire no gukora ingufu nyinshi. BIPV ikeneye kwitabwaho cyane kuruta imirasire y'izuba gakondo kuko igizwe ninyubako, ariko ntugomba na rimwe gusiba kubungabunga.

Inama: Shiraho kwibutsa kugenzura sisitemu ya BIPV buri mezi atandatu.

Shyiramo BIPV ukoresheje Sisitemu

Iyo ushyizeho bipv, ugomba guhitamo iburyo Sisitemu . Buri buryo buhindura uburyo ukoresha imirasire yizuba ya bipv, inzira yo kwishyiriraho, nuburyo bwa nyuma bwinyubako yawe. Urashobora kubona itandukaniro mumuvuduko nigiciro mumeza hepfo.

Sisitemu

Wubaka sisitemu yinkoni kurubuga. Urateranya bipv izuba ryizuba kumurongo. Ubu buryo butwara igihe kinini kuko ukeneye guhuza buri gice hamwe. Sisitemu yinkoni ikora neza kubishushanyo mbonera. Ukoresha amafaranga make kubikoresho, ariko wishyura byinshi kumurimo. Urashobora guhindura sisitemu kumiterere idasanzwe cyangwa ingano. Abashiraho benshi bakoresha ubu buryo kubikorwa bidasanzwe bya bipv.

Impanuro: Sisitemu zifatika reka uhindure imiterere byoroshye niba inyubako yawe ifite ibyo ikeneye bidasanzwe.

Sisitemu ihuriweho

Ukoresha sisitemu ihuriweho mugihe ushaka kwihuta. Imirasire y'izuba ya bipv ije nkibice byateguwe. Iteraniro ryuruganda rituma buri module ikomera kandi yizewe. Uhuza ibice byihuse kurubuga. Sisitemu igura byinshi ubanza, ariko ubika umwanya ukirinda amakosa. Urabona sisitemu ihuriweho mumishinga minini yubucuruzi bipv.

Icyitonderwa: Sisitemu ihuriweho ikora neza mugihe ukeneye kwishyiriraho byihuse kandi bisukuye.

Sisitemu-Gushyigikirwa Sisitemu

Hitamo sisitemu-ishigikiwe na sisitemu igezweho. Igitagangurirwa cyicyuma gifata imirasire yizuba ya bipv. Urabona neza neza hamwe nicyuma gike cyerekana. Kwiyubaka bifata igihe giciriritse. Wishyura byinshi kuriyi sisitemu kuko ukeneye ibirahuri bidasanzwe nibikoresho. Sisitemu ishyigikiwe ningingo ihuye neza ninyubako zifite ibirahure byinshi.

Isura ihumeka

Ushiraho ibice bihumeka mugihe ushaka kugumisha imirasire y'izuba ya bipv. Umanika imbaho ​​kuri gride yicyuma hamwe nicyuho cyumwuka. Sisitemu ikora vuba kandi igura amafaranga make ugereranije nubundi buryo. Umuyaga uhumeka ufasha sisitemu ya bipv kumara igihe kirekire no gukora ingufu nyinshi. Urabona ubu buryo ahantu hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi.

Umuhamagaro: Ibice bihumeka bitezimbere imikorere ireka umwuka ugenda inyuma yibibaho.

Ibitekerezo bya tekiniki

Wiring Solutions

Tegura inzira yawe wiring mbere yuko utangira gushiraho BIPV. Wiring nziza ituma sisitemu yawe igira umutekano kandi ikayifasha gukora neza. Urashobora gukoresha impande zometse kumasanduku cyangwa micro-agasanduku gashizwe inyuma. Ibi birinda insinga umutekano kandi zitagaragara. Toranya uburyo bukwiye bwo guhuza inyubako yawe-ifotora. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana amahitamo y'ingenzi:

Hanze, koresha insinga ya PV cyangwa umugozi wa USE-2. EMT ifasha kurinda insinga gukomeretsa. Buri gihe urebe neza ko ushobora kugera ku nsinga zo gusana. Urashobora kuzimya amashanyarazi mugihe cyakazi kugirango ugumane umutekano.

Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe

Ikibaho cya BIPV kiba kinini kandi gito uko ikirere gihinduka. Siga umwanya kuriyi myitozo. Koresha utwugarizo tworoshye hamwe nuduce duto hagati yimbaho. Ibi bifasha guhagarika ibice kandi bikarinda sisitemu yawe umutekano. Reba imisozi nyuma ya buri gihembwe kugirango urebe niba hari icyimutse.

Amazi

Amazi arashobora kubabaza sisitemu ya BIPV niba idashobora gutemba. Ufite uburyo buke bwo kuvoma amazi:

1. Imiyoboro y'imbere ihagarika gukonja kandi isa neza.

2. Imiyoboro ya Scupper igura make kandi iroroshye kugenzura, ariko irashobora gukonja mugihe cyubukonje.

3. Gutobora no kumanuka biroroshye ariko bikenera gusukurwa kenshi.

Reba ingingo zose hamwe nimiyoboro kenshi. Menya neza ko sisitemu yawe ifite IP68 itagira amazi. Shyira sisitemu yawe kumategeko ya IEC 60364. Abashinzwe kubaga bafasha muri serwakira.

Impanuro: Reba kashe yacitse, imiyoboro ifunze, cyangwa uduce duto. Ibi birashobora gutera kumeneka no kwangirika.

Guhumeka ibisenge

Guhumeka neza hejuru yinzu bituma BIPV ikonja. Igisenge gihumeka gishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 3. Uku gukonjesha gushobora gutuma paneli ikora 1.56% neza kandi ikamara 21%. Gerageza kubona igipimo cyo guhindura ikirere hagati ya 3 na 13 kugirango uhagarike ubushyuhe.

Buri gihe ukurikize amategeko yaho n'intambwe z'umutekano kuri BIPV. Ibi bituma inyubako yawe itekana kandi sisitemu yawe ikora neza.

Guhitamo Sisitemu ya BIPV

Umushinga

Ugomba kureba niba umushinga wawe ubereye bipv mbere yuko utangira. Imishinga imwe nibyiza kuri bipv kuruta iyindi. Inyubako nshya, ibiro byiza, hamwe nimishinga yicyatsi ni amahitamo meza. Imishinga ifite amafaranga make cyangwa inyubako zishaje, intege nke zikeneye cheque nyinshi. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana imishinga ikora neza kuri bipv niyihe ikeneye kwitabwaho:

Igihe cyiza cyo gukoresha bipv nigihe wubatse shyashya ahantu hizuba hamwe nizuba ryiza. Urashobora kandi gukoresha bipv muri remodel nini.

Impanuro: Buri gihe ugenzure icyo inyubako igenewe, inzira ireba, igishushanyo, imiterere, namategeko yumuriro mbere yo gutoranya sisitemu.

Ikiguzi no kugorana

Bipv igura byinshi mbere kuruta ibice bisanzwe byubaka, ariko irashobora kuzigama amafaranga nyuma. Igiciro gihinduka muburyo bwa sisitemu, uko bikozwe, numwaka wabishyizeho. Urashobora kubona impuzandengo y'ibiciro mu mbonerahamwe ikurikira:

Bipv irashobora kugura make ugereranije nibikoresho byiza byurukuta. Uzigama amafaranga kuko udakeneye urukuta rwinyongera. Urasubiza amafaranga yawe mumyaka 4 kugeza kuri 15, ukurikije kuzigama ingufu hamwe nubufasha bwaho. Ukeneye itsinda ryo gushushanya, gutegura, no gushyira muri sisitemu. Niba udashobora kubona abakozi babahanga, umushinga wawe urashobora gufata igihe kirekire.

Icyitonderwa: Ubufasha bwamafaranga nkinguzanyo yimisoro nimpano birashobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyawe kugeza kuri kimwe cya kabiri.

Ibikorwa

Urashaka ibyawe sisitemu ya bipv kumara igihe kirekire kandi ikora neza. Ikibaho cyiza kimara imyaka 25 kugeza 30 kandi gitakaza ingufu za 0.4% gusa buri mwaka. Sisitemu nyinshi zikoresha ikirahure gikomeye kandi zigatsinda ibizamini bikomeye kumuyaga, amazi, nubushyuhe. Urashobora guhuza bipv kugenzura ubwenge bwububiko ndetse nubushakashatsi bwimodoka. Mu ngo, bipv irashobora kuguha 10-30% byingufu zawe. Mu nyubako nini, irashobora gutanga 50%. Uburyo ikora neza bivana aho ushyira panne nizuba ryinshi.

• Ibice byinshi bya bipv bikenera ubwitonzi buke, ariko ugomba kugenzura niba ibice byacitse.

• Ibishushanyo bimwe bishya byoroha gusana kandi bifasha kugumya ibiciro mugihe.

• Ahantu h'umuyaga cyangwa ahantu hatose, imbaraga zokwirinda amazi ni ngombwa cyane.

Umuhamagaro: Tora sisitemu ifite garanti ndende nibice bikomeye kubisubizo byiza.

Gushyira muri bipv, kurikiza izi ntambwe: Banza, reba urubuga rwose. Ibikurikira, hitamo sisitemu nziza yinyubako yawe. Noneho, koresha uburyo bwiza nko gufunga insinga no kugerageza amazi yamenetse.

Abakozi babishoboye barashobora kugufasha gukora akazi neza no kurinda ibintu umutekano.

Ugomba gukurikiza amategeko yose yubaka n amategeko yumutekano. Kugenzura sisitemu yawe akenshi bihagarika ibibazo nkibisohoka. Iyo ushyizeho bipv, urinda inyubako yawe umutekano kandi ukayifasha gukora neza.

Ibibazo

Ni irihe tandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati ya BIPV n'izuba risanzwe?

BIPV ihinduka igice cyinyubako yawe, nkigisenge cyangwa inkuta. Imirasire y'izuba isanzwe yicaye hejuru yinyubako yawe. BIPV isa neza kandi ibika umwanya.

Urashobora gushiraho BIPV kumazu ashaje?

Yego, urashobora. Ugomba kubanza kugenzura imiterere yinyubako. Inyubako zimwe zishaje zishobora gukenera inkunga yinyongera. Buri gihe ubaze umunyamwuga mbere yuko utangira.

BIPV imara igihe kingana iki?

Sisitemu nyinshi za BIPV zimara imyaka 25 kugeza 30. Urashobora kubona igabanuka rito ryingufu buri mwaka. Kwitaho neza bifasha sisitemu yawe kumara igihe kirekire.

Ukeneye gusukura paneli ya BIPV?

• Yego, urabikora.

• Ikibaho gisukuye gikora neza.

• Koza umukungugu n'umwanda buri mezi make.

• Reba ibirahure bimenetse cyangwa bitemba mugihe usukuye.

BIPV ifite umutekano mugihe cyumuyaga?

Ugumana umutekano niba ukurikiza amategeko yose ugakoresha ibice bikwiye.