Reba: 0 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi wurubuga Gutangaza Igihe: 2025-09-25 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Ugomba kumenya ibijyanye na pv 85 c kugirango urinde izuba ryumutekano. Iyo module ibonye ibi bishyushye, ibyago byumuriro bizamuka kandi bikora neza. Amategeko mpuzamahanga avuga ko 85 ° C ari ubushyuhe bukomeye. Kurugero, ibizamini bikoresha 85 ° C na 85% ubuhehere bwamasaha 1000 kugirango urebe niba module iheruka. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ibizamini bisanzwe kuri pv module:
| Ubwoko bwikigereranyo | Ubushyuhe Urwego | Igihe |
|---|---|---|
| Amagare Ntarengwa | -40 ° C ± 2 ° C kugeza + 85 ° C ± 2 ° C. | N / A. |
| Ikizamini Cyubushyuhe | 85 ° C ± 2 ° C hamwe na 85% RH | Amasaha 1000 |
Ugomba buri gihe gutekereza kumutekano mugihe ushizemo cyangwa wita kumirasire y'izuba.
Umupaka wa 85 ° C ni ingenzi cyane kumutekano wizuba. Niba panne zishyushye kurenza iyi, ibyago byumuriro bizamuka kandi bakora neza.
Reba imirasire y'izuba kenshi kugirango urebe niba ishyushye cyane. Menya neza ko umwuka ushobora kuzenguruka imbaho kugirango ukonje.
Toranya imirasire y'izuba hamwe na coefficient nkeya. Ibi bifasha guhagarika gutakaza ingufu iyo bishyushye hanze.
Buri gihe reba amanota yumuriro mbere yo kugura imirasire yizuba. Urwego A urwego rutanga umutekano mwiza watewe numuriro.
Kora gahunda yo kwita ku mirasire y'izuba no mu bihe byihutirwa. Ibi birinda izuba ryizuba kandi bikagufasha gukora byihuse niba hari ikibazo.
Ni ngombwa kumenya impamvu igipimo cya pv 85 c gikenewe mumutekano. Imirasire y'izuba igomba kumara igihe kinini nyuma yo kuyishiramo. Ku munsi ushushe, ubushyuhe bwa module burashobora kuzamuka vuba. Ibi bibaho cyane niba nta mwuka uhagije ugenda uzenguruka. Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze kuri 85 ° C, ibikoresho biri muri pv modules bitangira gushira vuba vuba.
Abahanga bakoresha ibizamini bidasanzwe kugirango barebe uburyo moderi ya pv ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi. Babika module kuri 85 ° C hamwe nubushuhe bwa 85% mumasaha menshi. Ibi bizamini bifasha kwerekana ibishobora kubaho mumyaka, ariko mubyumweru bike. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana ibyo abahanga bize muri ibi bizamini:
| Ubwoko bwibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ikizamini cyihuse cyo gusaza | Kwipimisha ubushyuhe kuri 85 ° C na 85% ugereranije nubushuhe nuburyo busanzwe bwo gusuzuma iyangirika rya PV. |
| Indorerezi | Umwijima w'utugingo ngengabuzima twa electroluminescence kubera kwangirika kwangirika. |
| Uburyo bwo gutesha agaciro | Acide acike ivuye muri EVA itera kwangirika kwikirahure no kongera urukurikirane rwimikorere. |
| Isesengura ry'imikorere | Ibipimo bigezweho-voltage hamwe n'amashusho ya electroluminescence byakoreshejwe mu gusesengura iyangirika. |
Ibisubizo byerekana ko igipimo cya pv 85 c ari ngombwa cyane. Irerekana aho ibyangiritse bishobora kubaho vuba cyane. Kugumisha imirasire y'izuba ikonje kurenza ibi bibafasha kumara igihe kirekire no gukora neza.
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bukora ibirenze imikorere yo hasi. Bituma kandi umuriro bishoboka. Niba module yizuba ishyushye cyane, irashobora gufata umuriro byoroshye. Ubushakashatsi muri laboratoire bwerekana ko iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, umuriro ushobora gutangira vuba vuba. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana uburyo umuriro ushobora gutangira vuba mugihe pv modules zishyushye cyane:
| Shyushya Flux (kW / m²) | Ignition Igihe (s) |
|---|---|
| 28 | 913 |
| 45 | 83 |
| 26 (CHF) | N / A. |
Urashobora kubona ko ubushyuhe bwinshi busobanura umuriro utangira vuba. Niba pv module ishyushye cyane, ibice byimbere birashobora gucika. Ibi birashobora gutera gutakaza ingufu, imiyoboro migufi, cyangwa umuriro. Iyo module ishyushye cyane, ibice bya plastiki birashobora gushonga cyangwa gutwikwa. Ikirahure kirashobora kumeneka, kandi ibice byicyuma birashobora kubora. Ibi bibazo bituma sisitemu yizuba itagira umutekano.
Ugomba reba imirasire y'izuba kenshi kugirango ushushe. Menya neza ko wabishyizeho kugirango umwuka ubashe kuzenguruka buri module. Ibi bibafasha gukomeza gukonja no kugabanya ibyago byumuriro. Niba utuye aho hari izuba ryinshi kandi rishyushye, reba neza pv 85 c. Kugumisha imirasire y'izuba bikonje bituma urugo rwawe rugira umutekano kandi rufasha panne yawe kumara igihe kirekire.
Ni ngombwa kumenya uburyo ubushyuhe buhindura imirasire yizuba. Iyo module ishyushye, ikora imbaraga nke. Ni ukubera ko ibikoresho biri imbere bidakora neza iyo bishyushye. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana uburyo tekinoroji itandukanye yizuba itakaza ingufu mubushuhe:
| Module | Ubwoko bwubushyuhe (% / ° C) | Biteganijwe ko gutakaza ingufu kuri 40 ° C kuzamuka |
|---|---|---|
| PERC | -0.34 | Igihombo kigera kuri 13,6% |
| TOPCon | -0.32 | Igihombo hafi 12.8% |
| IBC | -0.29 | Igihombo hafi 11,6% |
| HJT | -0.24 | Igihombo hafi 9,6% |
Niba ushize imirasire y'izuba ahantu hashyushye, uzatakaza imbaraga nyinshi. Ubushyuhe bwa moderi ya pv ni ngombwa cyane. Ugomba kureba coefficient yubushyuhe mbere yo gutora module. Coefficient yo hasi isobanura gutakaza ingufu nke iyo bishyushye.
Urashaka ko izuba ryanyu rikora imyaka myinshi. Ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe birashobora kubabaza pv module mugihe. Ikizamini cy'ubushyuhe butose gishyira module kuri 85 ° C na 85% by'ubushuhe mumasaha 1.000. Iki kizamini cyerekana uburyo module ikora ikirere kitoroshye, nko ahantu hashyushye kandi hatose.
Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana uko bigenda kumirahuri-ibirahuri muri ibi bihe:
| bwa degradation | Ubwoko |
|---|---|
| Ruswa | Icyitonderwa nkikintu gikomeye kigira ingaruka kumirahuri yikirahure munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe. |
| Gusiba | Bibaho kubera kumara igihe kinini, biganisha kumashanyarazi ashobora kunanirwa. |
| Gutakaza Imbaraga | Igihombo kigera kuri 11% byavuzwe, byerekana ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya module. |
| Imiterere ya Bubble | Bifitanye isano nubuziranenge bwa lamination, bwiyongera nubushyuhe bwo hejuru. |
| Amashanyarazi Yingaruka | Kwiyongera kwingaruka ziterwa no kugabanuka hagati yibigize, birashoboka ko byatera inkongi y'umuriro. |
Niba module yawe ihura nubushyuhe nubushuhe igihe kirekire, urashobora kubona ruswa no gusiba. Ibi bibazo birashobora kugabanya imbaraga kandi bigatuma sisitemu yawe itagira umutekano. Ibibyimba hamwe namashanyarazi arcing birashobora kandi kuzamuka, bishobora gutera umuriro.
Amagare yubushyuhe nayo ahindura igihe modules imara. Iyo bishyushye hanyuma bikonje, ibice imbere bigenda kandi birambuye. Ibi birashobora gusenya abagurisha no gutera impagarara. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana uburyo imbaraga zigabanuka nyuma yinzinguzingo nyinshi:
| Kubara Cycle | Imbaraga Zitesha agaciro |
|---|---|
| Inzinguzingo 200 | 3.5% |
| Inzinguzingo 400 | 4.5% |
| Inzinguzingo 600 | 5.3% |
Inama: Reba imirasire y'izuba kenshi, cyane cyane niba utuye ahantu hashyushye. Shakisha ruswa, gusiba, cyangwa ibituba. Ibi bibazo birashobora kugabanya ingufu no kuzamura ibyago byumuriro.
Urashobora kubona ko ubushyuhe bwa moderi ya pv bigira ingaruka kumara. Niba ukomeje imirasire y'izuba yawe ikonje kandi yumutse, bizakora neza kandi bitekanye. Ikizamini cy'ubushyuhe butose cyerekana ko module nziza ishobora kumara imyaka irenga 25. Toranya module yatsinze iki kizamini kugirango urinde amafaranga yawe nurugo rwawe.
Ni ngombwa kumenya amategeko nyamukuru yumutekano wizuba. Aya mategeko agufasha kurinda izuba ryanyu umutekano no gukora neza. Amategeko yingenzi cyane yo gupima umuriro nubushyuhe ni IEC 61215, IEC 61730, na UL 1703. Buri tegeko rikubwira icyo imirasire yizuba igomba gukora kugirango itekane. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana icyo buri tegeko rigenzura:
| kibanze | Agace |
|---|---|
| IEC 61215 | Ubwiza n'umutekano bya moderi ya PV |
| IEC 61730 | Module umutekano, kurwanya umuriro, no gupima ubushyuhe |
| UL 1703 | Ibipimo byumutekano nibikorwa bya moderi ya PV muri Amerika ya ruguru |
Imirasire y'izuba myinshi ifite ikimenyetso cya IEC 61215. Ibi bivuze ko akanama katsinze ibizamini bikomeye kumutekano nubuziranenge. Muri Amerika na Kanada, UL 1703 ikoreshwa cyane. Aya mategeko agenzura umutekano wumuriro, ibizamini byubushyuhe, nibindi bikenewe mumutekano. Iyo uhisemo imirasire y'izuba, reba ibi bimenyetso kugirango umenye neza ko bikurikiza amategeko yose.
Kurwanya umuriro ni ingenzi cyane kumutekano wizuba. Urashaka ko imirasire yizuba yawe ifite igipimo cyiza cyumuriro mukarere kawe. Ahantu henshi bakoresha IEC 61730 kugirango barebe umutekano wumuriro. Muri Amerika ya Ruguru, UL 61730 ikoresha UL 1703 na IEC 61730 kugirango amategeko arusheho gukomera. Hariho ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi byerekana umuriro:
Icyiciro A: Igipimo cyiza cyumuriro, cyiza ahantu hafite ibyago byinshi byumuriro.
Icyiciro B: Urwego rwo hagati rwumuriro, rukorera kumazu menshi.
Icyiciro C: Igipimo cyibanze cyumuriro, gikoreshwa aho ibyago byumuriro ari bike.
Ibipimo byumuriro byerekana uburyo akanama gashobora guhagarika umuriro nubushyuhe. Buri gihe reba igipimo cyumuriro mbere yo kugura cyangwa gushyira mumirasire y'izuba. Ikirango kumurongo kizerekana igipimo cyumuriro nibindi bintu byingenzi. IEC 61730 na UL 1703 bombi bavuga ko ikirango kigomba kwerekana igipimo cyumuriro nicyiciro cyumutekano.
Ugomba kandi gutekereza kubyo wakora mugihe cyihutirwa. Module ihagarika ifasha abashinzwe kuzimya kuzimya sisitemu ya pv byihuse. Ibi bigabanya amahirwe yo guhitanwa n amashanyarazi kandi bikabafasha kurwanya umuriro neza. Ibirango byiza kandi byoroshye-kubona-guhagarika bifasha abantu gukora vuba mugihe cyihutirwa.
Impanuro: Buri gihe menya neza ko imirasire yizuba yujuje amategeko mashya yumutekano wumuriro kandi ifite ibirango bisobanutse. Ibi bigufasha gukurikiza amategeko no kurinda urugo rwawe umutekano.
Ugomba gutora ibikoresho byiza byizuba ryizuba . Kurwanya umuriro biterwa na encapsulant na urupapuro rwinyuma. Ibikoresho bya EVA birinda amazi kure yizuba. Ifasha kandi gukora module umutekano. Urupapuro rwa polyester cyangwa PVF rutanga insulasiyo kandi ikabuza amazi. Ibi bituma umuriro urwanya imikorere nubushyuhe bwiza. Module hamwe nicyiciro cya A amanota yumuriro arinda cyane. Zujuje ubuziranenge nka UL 61730-2 na UL 790.Ibipimo
| umuriro | Ibisobanuro | byo gupima |
|---|---|---|
| Icyiciro A. | Kurwanya umuriro mwinshi, ubereye ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa cyane | UL 61730-2, UL 790 |
| Icyiciro B. | Kurwanya umuriro muke | UL 61730-2, UL 790 |
| Icyiciro C. | Kurwanya umuriro muke | UL 61730-2, UL 790 |
Inama: Buri gihe ushakishe ibirango byemeza kuri moderi yizuba. Ibirango byerekana modules zujuje kurwanya umuriro n amategeko yumutekano.
Urashobora kugabanya ibyago byumuriro ukoresheje intambwe yo kwishyiriraho ubwenge. Toranya module hamwe nurupapuro rwimbitse, byibuze micrometero 300. Ibi bifasha mukurwanya umuriro. Module ifite ibara ryoroheje ushiramo ubushyuhe buke. Ibi bituma ubushyuhe buri hasi. Kurikiza amategeko yibanze kumutekano wizuba. Komeza umwanya usobanutse neza izuba ryizuba. Witondere ibimera hafi kugirango uhagarike umuriro. Shyira ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi mu dusanduku twirinda umuriro . Koresha insinga munsi yubutaka igihe ubishoboye.
Kora igenzura mbere yuko ushyiraho pv modules.
Kora gahunda yihutirwa yumuriro.
Shyiramo kandi wandike sisitemu yihuta-yo guhagarika ibintu byihutirwa.
Igisha abakozi bashinzwe kuzimya umuriro hafi ya sisitemu ikeneye umutekano.
Kwitaho buri gihe bituma module yawe itekana. Koresha amashusho yumuriro kugirango ubone ahantu hashyushye mumezi ashyushye. Sukura module kenshi kugirango uhagarike umukungugu kubaka. Umukungugu urashobora gukora modul nyinshi. Toranya module hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hasi. Ibi bifasha mumutekano no gukora neza.
Guhitamo ibishushanyo byamashanyarazi bihindura umutekano wumuriro muri sisitemu ya pv. Umugozi mwiza wo gushiraho hamwe na inverter guhitamo guhagarika ubushyuhe. Koresha ingano yukuri kugirango wirinde gushonga. Shyiramo arc-amakosa yumuzunguruko uhagarika (AFCIs) gufata no guhagarika DC arcs iteje akaga. DC arcs irashyuha cyane kandi irashobora gutangira umuriro. Amategeko y’amashanyarazi avuga ko AFCI ikenewe kuri sisitemu zirenga 80 V DC.
| Ibisobanuro | |
|---|---|
| Imirongo y'amashanyarazi | Ibirango bigomba kwerekana imirongo ifite ingufu kugirango ihagarike guca mubihe byihutirwa. |
| Umuyoboro | Shyira akamenyetso kuri metero 10 kandi kuri buri gihe kugirango byoroshye kubona. |
| Ikirango Kugaragara | Koresha inyuguti zera kumutuku, byibura 3/8 ″. |
| Ibintu Byiza | Ibirango bigomba kuba byoroshye kubona mumucyo muto. |
| UL969 Kubahiriza | Ibirango bigomba gukurikiza ibipimo bya UL969. |
Icyitonderwa: Ibirango bisobanutse bifasha abashinzwe ubutabazi kubona switch na voltage byihuse. Ibi byujuje amategeko yumutekano kandi bifasha mugihe cyihutirwa.
Urashobora kurinda izuba ryizuba ukareba ubushyuhe bwubusa. Gerageza kubika munsi ya pv 85 c. Reba panne yawe kenshi kandi ukoreshe ibyuma byubushyuhe. Ibi bigufasha kubona ibibazo hakiri kare. Shyiramo sisitemu inzira nziza kandi ukoreshe ibikoresho birwanya umuriro. Izi ntambwe zigabanya amahirwe yumuriro. Reba ubushyuhe bwikirere na module. Ibi bigufasha gukora mbere yuko ubushyuhe butera kwangirika. Kurikiza amategeko yumutekano wa pv kugirango wirinde amande cyangwa ibibazo byubwishingizi. Koresha iyi mbonerahamwe kugirango ufashe gutegura icyo gukora gikurikira:
| y'ibikorwa | Inyungu |
|---|---|
| Kubungabunga buri mwaka | Komeza module yizewe |
| Isuzuma ry'ingaruka | Kugabanya ingaruka zumuriro |
| Kuvugurura gahunda yihutirwa | Kunoza igisubizo |
Niba modul ya PV yawe ishyushye kurenza 85 ° C, urashobora kubona kwambara vuba, imbaraga nke, hamwe n’impanuka nyinshi z’umuriro. Ugomba kugenzura sisitemu yawe kenshi kandi ukagumana ubukonje kugirango ugumane umutekano.
Urashobora gufasha panele yawe kuguma ikonje ureka umwuka ukazenguruka. Isukure kenshi kandi ukureho ikintu cyose kibuza umwuka. Toranya ibara ryibara ryoroshye niba utuye ahantu hashyushye.
Ibipimo byumuriro byerekana uburyo panele yawe irwanya gufata umuriro. Ugomba buri gihe guhitamo panne ifite urwego A urwego rwo kurinda neza, cyane cyane niba utuye ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa numuriro.
Zimya sisitemu yawe ako kanya.
Hamagara umutekinisiye w'izuba wemewe.
Ntugerageze kwikosora wenyine.
Urinda urugo rwawe umutekano mukora vuba.
Nibyo, ukeneye ibirango bisobanutse kandi byoroshye-kubona-gutandukana. Izi fasha abashinzwe kuzimya kuzimya sisitemu byihuse mugihe cyihutirwa. Ibirango bigomba gukurikiza amategeko yumutekano kandi byoroshye gusoma.
