Views: 0 Omuwandiisi: Site Editor Obudde bw'okufulumya: 2022-04-09 Ensibuko: Ekibanja
Battery za Nickel metal hydride ne lithium-ion zikozesebwa nnyo ku katale. Zino bbaatule ezitaliimu bucaafu era tezitta butonde era mulimu mukulu nnyo mu kukulaakulanya amaanyi amapya.
Kiki ekisinga obulungi, bbaatule ya nickel metal hydride oba lithium ion battery?
Enjawulo wakati wa bbaatule ya lithium ion ne bbaatule ya nickel metal hydride Mu nsengeka, ekisannyalazo ekirungi ekya bbaatule ya Ni MH kiri Ni (OH), ekisannyalazo ekitali kituufu ye metal hydride, ate ekisannyalazo kiri 6mol/ L potassium hydroxide solution. Lixo2 + etabulwa ne lithium ion ne graphite ion okukola lixo2, ate lixo4 + etabulwa ne lithium ion ne ethylene carbonate okukola lixo2 + nga cathode ya bbaatule.
Olw’okuba tekinologiya waayo akuze n’obukuumi obulungi, bbaatule ya Ni MH nsonga nkulu nnyo ku bbaatule y’emmotoka ey’amasannyalaze aga hybrid (HEV), naye kizibu okutuukiriza obwetaavu bw’okussa amasannyalaze mu ddaala erya waggulu; Mu kiseera kino, bbaatule ya lithium Ni MH ekola kinene. Ensonga enkulu eri nti amaanyi ga bbaatule y’emmotoka ey’amasannyalaze aga hybrid eriwo gali 1-2kwh zokka, ezitasobola kukozesebwa masannyalaze gokka oba obulamu bwa bbaatule y’emmotoka ey’amasannyalaze amayonjo buba wansi wa kiromita 3.
Mu bbanga eggwanvu, NiMH tesobola kukozesebwa ku PHEV ne ev. Okusinga kubanga amasoboza ag’enjawulo n’obungi bw’amasoboza ga nikele haidrojeni tebisobola kutuukiriza byetaago bya PHEV ne ev; Bbeeyi y’ebintu ebisookerwako Ni (OH) eri waggulu, era ssente ezisaasaanyizibwa mu kukola bbaatule ezikozesa amaanyi amangi zijja kuba nnyingi; Enkulaakulana ya tekinologiya wa bbaatule ya Ni MH okusinga ekuze, era ekifo eky’okulongoosa omulimu gwa bbaatule n’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya kitono nnyo. Battery ya Ni MH erina memory effect y’emu ne battery ya Ni Cd, naye ntono nnyo okusinga battery ya Ni Cd. N’olwekyo, tekikwetaagisa kufulumya bbaatule buli lw’ocaajinga (kubanga okukola obubi kijja kwonoona bbaatule). Olina okucaajinga mu bujjuvu n’okufulumya omulundi gumu gwokka buli luvannyuma lwa myezi esatu okukendeeza ku buzibu bw’okujjukira.
25 ~ 35% (emyezi) ku bbaatule ya Ni MH ne 2 ~ 5% (emyezi) ku bbaatule ya lithium ion. Omuwendo gw’okufuluma (self discharge rate) gwa bbaatule ya Ni MH guli waggulu, ate ogwa bbaatule ya lithium-ion guli wansi nnyo.
Mu kiseera kino, obusobozi bwa bbaatule ya Ni MH okutwalira awamu busobola okutuuka ku 2900mah (essaawa ya MAH, emanyiddwa ennyo ku lukalu lwa China nga R MAH). Oluvannyuma lw’obutakozesebwa okumala ebbanga eddene, ejja kukulukuta amazzi agakulukuta katono era ag’obulabe (agajja okuba ag’obulabe eri omubiri gw’omuntu oba okwonoona ekyuma ekikozesa bbaatule), era bbaatule ya lithium-ion erina omukisa okwokya oba okubwatuka nga tesaanira kukozesebwa. Bw’ogeraageranya, bbaatule ya Ni MH ye bbaatule esinga obukuumi.
Voltage ya bbaatule ya Ni MH eri 1.2 V ate eya lithium ion battery eri 3.7 V. Lithium ion battery erina omulimu omulungi ogw’okufulumya. Battery ya Ni MH erina obucaafu obutono mu butonde, okusinga ggaasi ezimu ezitaliimu asidi, era ezisinga obungi
1. Amasoboza ag’enjawulo aga waggulu n’amasoboza density, nga emirundi ebiri ku bbaatule ya Ni MH, ekiyinza okulongoosa ennyo obusobozi bw’okugumira, amaanyi amangi, self discharge entono ate nga tewali memory effect ya mmotoka za masannyalaze. Engeri zino zisobola okulongoosa obulungi bw’emmotoka ez’amasannyalaze;
2. Omuwendo omutono n’ebbeeyi y’ebintu ebisookerwako;
3. Waliwo ekifo kinene eky’okulongoosa tekinologiya n’okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya.
4. Volume: rechargeable lithium-ion battery ekozesebwa nnyo mu byuma bingi ebipya eby’oku ssimu kubanga erina ebirungi by’obuzito obutono (relatively), obuzito obutono, self discharge rate entono ate nga tewali memory effect bw’ogeraageranya ne normal nickel cadmium/ nickel hydrogen battery. Battery z’amasimu, laptop, PDA n’ebyuma ebirala bye tutera okukozesa bizze bikyusibwa mpolampola ne bifuulibwa bbaatule za lithium-ion
Memory effect ya Ni MH battery si yeeyoleka nnyo, katono. Bw’oba olina obwetaavu obw’amangu, tekikwetaagisa kuzzaamu maanyi oluvannyuma lw’okufulumya ettaala. Kirungi okuddamu okucaajinga ng’omaze okufulumya ettaala mu nkozesa eya bulijjo.
5. Amaanyi: bbaatule ya lithium ion erina amaanyi amanene ne bbaatule entono; Voltage ya bbaatule emu eya lithium-ion ekubisaamu emirundi esatu eya bbaatule ya Ni MH; Awatali memory effect, esobola okukozesebwa n’okucaajinga essaawa yonna. Tesobola kusasulwa omulundi gumu. Mu ngeri eno, emirundi mingi okucaajinga n’okufulumya kijja kukosa obulamu bwa bbaatule. Battery za lithium ion tezirina kuterekebwa okumala ebbanga ddene, era ekitundu ku busobozi bwazo kijja kubula enkalakkalira oluvannyuma lw’ekiseera ekiwanvu. Kirungi okugitereka mu firiigi ng’omaze okucaajinga ebitundu 40%.
6. Enkola y’okucaajinga: ebyetaago by’okucaajinga ebya bbaatule ya lithium-ion bya njawulo ku bya bbaatule ya nickel cadmium/ nickel hydrogen. Voltage emu eya bbaatule ya lithium-ion eddaamu okucaajinga eri 3.6 V (bulooka za bbaatule ezimu ziyinza okuba ne bbaatule ya lithium emanyiddwa). Enkola y’okukomya vvulovumenti ne kasasiro okutwalira awamu ekozesebwa okucaajinga bbaatule ya lithium-ion. Singa mukwano gwo ayagala okucaajinga bbaatule ya lithium-ion nga yeetongodde, kisaana okukimanya nti enkola yaayo ey’okucaajinga ya njawulo ku nkola ya bbaatule ya nickel cadmium/ nickel hydrogen eya bulijjo ekozesebwa bbaatule ya nickel cadmium/ nickel hydrogen, era chajingi ya bbaatule ya nickel cadmium/ nickel hydrogen eya bulijjo tesobola kukozesebwa. Wadde nga bbaatule za Ni MH ne bbaatule za lithium-ion za njawulo, bbaatule za maanyi mu mulembe omupya era zikoze kinene ekitali kya kukyusibwa mu kukulaakulana kw’obulamu bw’omuntu!
Okusinziira ku kwekenneenya okw’ekigendererwa, obuzito bwe bufuuka ensonga enkulu ekosa omulimu gw’ebintu era n’okuddaabiriza bbaatule kuyinza okukolebwa mu budde, bbaatule ya lithium-ion nkola ya butonde. Bwe kiba kyetaagisa amaanyi amangi, obukuumi obulungi, obwesigwa obw’amaanyi n’okukozesebwa mu by’enfuna, bbaatule ya NiMH ejja kuba n’enkizo nnyingi.
