Reba: 0 Umwanditsi: Muhinduzi wurubuga Gutangaza Igihe: 2022-08-13 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Dukurikije inyandiko iheruka gukorwa y’ubushakashatsi yashyizwe ahagaragara n’urubuga rushya rw’ubushakashatsi bw’umutungo REN21, Ubuhinde bwashyizwemo ingufu z’ingufu zishobora gukoreshwa mu 2021 bwazamutse ku mwanya wa gatatu ku isi, nyuma y’Ubushinwa n’Uburusiya. Ubuhinde bwasohoye 15.4 GW y'akazi k’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu 2021, nk'uko bitangazwa na REN21's Renewable Energy 2022 - International Status Record.
Nyamara REN21 yihanangirije mu nyandiko zayo ko impinduka z’amashanyarazi zisukuye ku isi zitaragaragara, kubera ko intego zimwe z’ibidukikije zidashobora kuzuzwa mu 2030.
Muri 2 mirongo itanu ku ijana ya 2021, hagaragaye ikibazo cyingufu. Ibi byarushijeho gukomera kubera amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Ukraine mu ntangiriro za 2022 ndetse n’ihungabana ry’umutungo utigeze ubaho ku isi.
Umuyobozi wa exec wa REN21, Rana Adib, yatangaje ko mu gihe ndetse n’ibihugu byinshi byihaye ingufu za parike ya parike ya zero-zero buri mwaka, ukuri ni uko ibihugu byinshi bigikoresha ibicanwa by’ibinyabuzima ndetse bikanakoresha peteroli nyinshi, gaze, n’amakara.
Inyandiko yavuze ko ubushobozi bwo gushyiraho amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi mu Buhinde mu 2021 ari 843MW, bigatuma ubushobozi bwo kuzamuka bugera kuri 45.3 GW.
Ubuhinde n’isoko rya kabiri mu masoko y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi ya Aziya n’isoko rya 3 rinini rikoresha amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (13GW yongeyeho muri 2021). Ububasha bwacyo bwashyizwemo ingufu zizuba ni 60.4 GW kandi nabwo buzarenga Ubudage (59.2 GW) mumwaka wa 2021.Ubuhinde ubu bwashyizweho ingufu za 40.1 GW z'umuyaga, ubwa kabiri nyuma ya Amerika, Ubushinwa, n'Ubudage.
Raporo y’ubushakashatsi ngarukamwaka yashyizwe ahagaragara na REN21 isesengura isesengura ry’ingufu zishobora kubaho ku isi hose.
Raporo ya 2022, yasohotse uyu munsi, ni raporo ya 17 ya REN21 ikurikirana. Na none, irerekana icyo abanyamwuga bo mumasoko ashobora kuvugururwa bagiye baburira: Umugabane rusange wibishobora kuvugururwa mugukoresha ingufu za nyuma kwisi byagiye bihagarara. Kuva ku 10,6% muri 2009 kugera kuri 11.7% gusa muri 2019, ihinduka rya sisitemu mpuzamahanga y’ingufu ku mutungo wongeyeho ntirwabaye.
Ku isoko ry’ingufu, iterambere ry’inyandiko mu kongera ingufu z’amashanyarazi ku isi (314.5 GW ryashyizwe mu 2021, ryiyongereyeho 17% ugereranije na 2020) kandi amashanyarazi yose (TWh) ntashobora guhura na 6% mu gukoresha amashanyarazi muri rusange.
Mu gukonjesha no gushyushya, umugabane w’ibishobora gukoreshwa mu gukoresha ingufu za nyuma wazamutse uva kuri 8.9% muri 2009 ugera kuri 11.2% muri 2019.
Mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu, aho umugabane w’ingufu zishobora gukoreshwa wiyongereye uva kuri 2,4% muri 2009 ugera kuri 3,7% muri 2019, iterambere ryatinze cyane cyane kuko umurima ubarirwa hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy’imikoreshereze mpuzamahanga.
Ku nshuro ya mbere, raporo itanga ikarita y’isi y’imigabane y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu bihugu kandi ikagaragaza iterambere mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe by’ingenzi.
Iyi nyandiko ivuga ko mu gihe guverinoma z’ubumwe bw’ibihugu zashyizeho umwete mushya kuri net oya, ibihugu bimwe na bimwe ntabwo byahinduye uburenganzira mu bikorwa.
Mbere y’inama y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe (COP26) mu Gushyingo 2021, ibihugu 135 ku isi byasezeranije kuzagera kuri gaze ya parike ya zero-zero bitarenze 2050.
Ibihugu 84 gusa ni byo bifite intego rusange y’ubukungu ku mbaraga zirambye, naho 36 gusa ni zo zifite intego z’ingufu zirambye 100%.
Ku nshuro ya mbere inyuma y’inama y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’ikirere, itangazo rya COP26 ryagaragaje ko hagomba kugabanywa ikoreshwa ry’amakara, nyamara ntirisaba ko hagabanywa intego y’amakara cyangwa ikoreshwa ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bugaragaza neza ko ibihugu bizafata ingamba zifatika kugira ngo bigere ku mbuga za interineti zeru, ibyo bikaba bimwe na bimwe bifitanye isano n'icyorezo cya Covid-19 bitarakoreshwa.
Hatitawe ku buryo bukenewe bw’ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije mu bihugu byinshi, ubukungu bwongeye kwiyongera mu 2021 (5.9% by’iterambere rya GDP ku isi) bituma habaho kwiyongera kwa 4% mu gufata amashanyarazi ya nyuma, bigatuma ubwiyongere bw’amashanyarazi bwiyongera.
Hagati ya 2009 na 2019, Ubushinwa bukoresha ingufu za nyuma bwazamutseho 36%. Ubwiyongere bugaragara cyane mu gukoresha amashanyarazi ku isi mu 2021 buzaturuka ku masoko adasubirwaho. Ibi byatumye habaho kwiyongera cyane gushoboka kwangiza imyuka ya karubone.
Ibicuruzwa bitavanwa na peteroli bidasubirwaho birangira mu 2021 kuko igipimo cy’ingufu kizamuka cyane, urebye ikibazo cya peteroli yo mu 1973.
