Reba: 0 Umwanditsi: Umwanditsi wurubuga Gutangaza Igihe: 2023-04-04 Inkomoko: Urubuga
Mu myaka mike ishize, isoko yo kubika ingufu ryashizweho vuba, kandi nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha bwiyongereye. Super 'kwishyuza ibihembo ' byahindutse isoko yingufu zingeri zose. Kwubahiriza bizana ibihe byihariye byo gusaba hamwe nurugero rwo gusesengura imishinga yo kubika ingufu.
Mu rwego rwo guhuza byimazeyo n’ibisabwa n’umuryango wa 5G w’urusobe no gufasha guhindura imikorere y’ingufu, 'itumanaho ry’ingufu zibika umwanya wa lithium amashanyarazi kimwe nubumenyi bwubwenge ' byabaye icyitegererezo. Nakora iki niba ibikorwa remezo bishya nka 5G byongeye kubura?
Kubijyanye no gufata amashanyarazi, ingufu za sitasiyo ya 5G ziri hagati yikubye inshuro 3-4 sitasiyo ya 4G, kandi ingufu zarazamutse cyane. Ku rundi ruhande, mu myaka ya 3G, 4g, na 2g, amashanyarazi y'urubuga ni ibikorwa byoroshye cyane, kandi kutitegura neza birashobora kuvamo gutakaza amasoko.
Mugihe gikenewe cyane ingufu, nuburyo bwiza bwo kunoza imikorere ya sisitemu ya sitasiyo ya 5G no kugabanya imyanda yibikorwa byibanda ku nyubako ya 5G no kubaka. Ibintu byinshi, byubwenge kimwe nuburyo bwizewe bwa tekinoroji ya sisitemu yo kubika amashanyarazi ya mashanyarazi bituma biba byiza kuri 5G shingiro rya terefone yongeyeho amashanyarazi Hitamo.
174 Sitasiyo ya Unicom + umwanya wo kubika ingufu kuruhande rwumuntu ku giti cye, ihuriweho kandi igenwa hakenewe ingufu z’amashanyarazi muri buri gace kugirango habeho gukoresha neza gahunda no gukoresha neza gahunda kugirango umutekano, umutekano, n’umutekano bitangwa n’intara.
Birazwi ko mu rwego rwo kwihutisha iyubakwa rya sisitemu y’ingufu zigezweho, zishyizwe hamwe, Isosiyete ikora amashanyarazi ya Leta ya Grid Jianshan County yasohoye umushinga wa '5G base station + ububiko bw’amashanyarazi ' mu 2020 kandi ikorana n’amasosiyete nka Jiashan Unicom. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho nubundi bwoko butandukanye ntagushidikanya ko izahindurwa ibikoresho bya 5G byibanze byububiko bwamashanyarazi kugirango bizamure urugero rwo kwishyuza bateri yabitswe kandi bitange ibisubizo nkibibaya bigabanya impanuka na toni ibikorwa.
Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu igera kubigo byamakuru irashobora kuzamura ubuziranenge bwamashanyarazi yikigo kandi igahagarika gutakaza amakuru kubwimpanuka. Sisitemu yo kubika amashanyarazi itezimbere ubukungu bwikigo binyuze mubibaya bigabanya uburebure, uburyo bwo gushyira mubikorwa ubushobozi, no kubungabunga ingufu za karubone.
Ibigo bisanzwe byamakuru bigomba gukoresha ubwinshi bwa bateri ya sisitemu nkumuriro wongeyeho, nyamara bateri ihagaze ntiramenyekana. Kubikoresho byumwanya wo kubika amakuru, bateri irekurwa burimunsi. Nyuma yo gusohora, voltage iragaragara. Biroroshye gusuzuma ubwiza bwumuyaga, bufasha gukuraho bateri mbi mugihe, kimwe, icyarimwe, ikomeza kandi ikiguzi cyo gukora toni mpimbano buri mwaka.
Kugera kuri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu hamwe nubukemurampaka binyuze mu gutandukanya ikibaya cyamashanyarazi yuburebure. Kora amakuru yikigo ntukigire umutwaro woroshye wamashanyarazi, nyamara ufite ibintu byoroshye kandi byitwa imbaraga node, kimwe no kugira uruhare muguhindura amashanyarazi buri gihe. Guhindura guhinduka bigira uruhare muburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byamakuru, hamwe no kubyara ingufu nshya, kumenya kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya imyuka no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya.
Gariyamoshi irashobora kuzigama amashanyarazi hamwe nubuhanga bwo kubika amashanyarazi no gutangiza ingufu zamashanyarazi zidafite umuhamagaro wo guhamagara cyangwa ibihe byihutirwa kugirango bigende neza.
Intera iri hagati ya gari ya moshi yo mu mujyi ni ngufi, kandi gari ya moshi zihora zitangira kimwe na feri. Muburyo bwose, birashobora kuvugwa ko ari 'ingufu z'amashanyarazi nini '. Muburyo bwo gufata feri ( 'feri '), gari ya moshi zizatanga imbaraga zikomeye kandi zifite agaciro ko gutunganya no gukoresha.
Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, ingufu zituruka muri gari ya moshi zitwara abagenzi zishobora kugera kuri 20% -40% by’ingufu zikoreshwa na sisitemu yo gufata. Niba ikoreshejwe, izagabanya cyane gukoresha ingufu za gari ya moshi
Ububiko bwimbaraga za flawheel nububiko bwumubiri. Gukoresha magnetiki tekinoroji igezweho irakoreshwa.
Igikoresho cyo kubika amashanyarazi ya flawheel yashyizwe mumashanyarazi ya gari ya moshi. Iyo gari ya moshi igeze kuri sitasiyo na feri, isazi yinjiza ingufu kandi igahindura ingufu zingufu za kinetic. Ingufu za kinetic zihindurwamo ingufu z'amashanyarazi, zitangiza ingufu za gari ya moshi kandi zikagira ingaruka zidasanzwe zo kuzigama no guhagarika imbaraga.
Muri iki gihe ibiciro bya peteroli bihenze kandi ibiciro bya peteroli bizamuka, ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu byahindutse guhitamo imodoka nyinshi naba nyiri amakamyo. Muri iki gihe, inyubako z’ibinyabiziga bishya by’amashanyarazi ziragenda ziyongera, kandi inyubako n’imyubakire y’ibikoresho byo kwishyuza biriyongera buhoro buhoro. Sitasiyo nshya yumuriro wamashanyarazi nkugumya ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bikora ibigo bitanga amashanyarazi birashobora kwitwa ukuri.
Mu rwego rwo kutabogama kwa karubone, fagitire zidasanzwe zidasanzwe zikubiyemo 'Photovoltaic cyangwa pv + ububiko bw'amashanyarazi + kwishyuza ' itoneshwa na leta z'umujyi. Ku ruhande rumwe, kuzamura umwanya wububiko bwamashanyarazi birashobora gufasha kuvura amashanyarazi mugukosora ibice bimwe byingufu zamashanyarazi hamwe na gride mugikorwa cyo gusaba. Kurundi ruhande, irashobora gutanga umukino wuzuye kubyiza byo guhuza hamwe no gutwara th
Sitasiyo yumuriro ifite metero kare 2100, ishobora guhaza ibikenewe muri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za MW -level na sisitemu ya voltage ya 1000V. Iyi terminal ya supercharge igizwe ahanini na sisitemu ya Photovoltaque cyangwa PV, bateri zibika amashanyarazi, sitasiyo nshya yumuriro wamashanyarazi, sisitemu yo gutahura bateri kumurongo, hamwe na sisitemu yubuyobozi bwubwenge.
Amashanyarazi akoreshwa afite amashanyarazi menshi, amashanyarazi maremare maremare, ibikoresho byinshi bikoresha ingufu, nibindi, hamwe na parike yubucuruzi yigihugu cyanjye, ifite itandukaniro ryinshi. Birakwiriye kubikwa umwanya wimirimo.
Ibitaro nigice cyibanze cyo gukoresha. Imikoreshereze yumunsi ukurikira mubushyuhe bukabije mugihe cyizuba ingana na 3000 zisanzwe 4 -umunwa.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, kubera umwihariko wibitaro bikora ubuzima, icyumba cyo kubamo, icyumba, icyumba cy’ubutabazi, nibindi, impande zose zibitaro ni inzira yubuzima kandi ntigomba kugira ibibazo byimikorere. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bubitangaza, ikigo nderabuzima cya Wuhan Huoshan cyakoresheje dogere 350.000 buri munsi.
Imishinga yo kubika ingufu irashobora gukora nka garanti ikoreshwa yikigo nderabuzima cya UPS (amashanyarazi adahungabana). Na none, toni zingenzi zibitaro zihora zitangara, zitanga garanti ikomeye kugirango ibitaro bikore neza.
Ubucuruzi bukomeye bwa peteroli bwohereje ububiko bwamashanyarazi kugirango bwihutishe amashanyarazi mugihe bifasha igihugu kugera kuntego 'twin carbone '.
Kubice byo hejuru byinganda za peteroli na gazi, kubaka no kubaka 'ingufu nshya zitanga ingufu + ububiko' ni ngombwa -kugira. Umwanya wo hasi 'gutunganya no gukora imiti yubucuruzi + umwanya wabitswe' kimwe na porogaramu iyobora ikoreshwa muburyo bumwe.
Birazwi ko yaba yubaka ingufu z'umuyaga cyangwa amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi, ubucuruzi bugomba guhangana ningorabahizi zikomeye zizanwa no kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi ashobora kongera ingufu -guhindagurika kandi rimwe na rimwe. 'Umwanya wo kubika ' ni ibanga.
Bitewe nigikorwa cyo murwego rwo gusuzuma amavuta, ahanini gishingiye kumashanyarazi ya mazutu. Ntabwo ifite seti izwi kandi nayo itanga amashanyarazi ahoraho. Ingamba nugukoresha sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za lithium ikoresha amafaranga menshi kugirango ikemure ibibazo byo gutanga amashanyarazi adahagarara hamwe na electro-buke.
Micro-grid, nanone yitwa sisitemu ikwirakwizwa ryamashanyarazi, ihuza generator, ubufindo, ibikoresho bibika ingufu kimwe nigikoresho cyo kugenzura kugirango habeho igikoresho kigenzurwa wenyine, kimwe no guha abakoresha amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi.
Micro grid + ububiko bwamashanyarazi burakwiriye gukoreshwa ningufu zamashanyarazi, kandi gride nini nini ntishobora gukwirakwiza ahantu nkibirwa, ahantu h’imisozi ya kure nahandi.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, umwanya wo kubika ingufu zuruhande rwamashanyarazi urakoreshwa. Kuruhande rwamashanyarazi, ijanisha ryingufu nshya zitanga ingufu nububiko bwazamutse buhoro buhoro. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, umwanya wo kubika ingufu ziteganijwe kubika byafunguye amasomo yiterambere yo kugabana ububiko bwububiko.
Kuva mu 2021, intara 24 muri rusange, kimwe n'uturere twose mu gihugu, zasohoye politiki nshya yo kubika ingufu. Ahantu henshi hasobanuye ko hakenewe amafoto ya volvoltaque cyangwa pv ashyigikira inyubako nububiko bwamashanyarazi. Muri izi mpapuro nyinshi, umwanya wabitswe wa Shandong Zaozhuang ufite ibyifuzo byinshi bishoboka, ubushobozi bwo kwishyiriraho ni 15% kugeza 30% byubushobozi bwo gushiraho, kandi igihe ni 2 kugeza 4.
Muri sisitemu isanzwe yingufu, ibisubizo byamashanyarazi birahagaze. Nubwo bimeze bityo, ikoreshwa ryumurongo wamashanyarazi (ukeneye umurongo) rifite uburebure bwinshi nimpinduka zumubande mumunsi umwe, bigatuma itangwa nibisabwa murwego rwamashanyarazi bigoye guhuza.
Amashanyarazi ya gride-kuruhande rwububiko bwogushobora kugera kumurongo wogukwirakwiza cyangwa umuyoboro wogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi byateganijwe buri gihe na firime ya gride kugirango yitabire yigenga muguhindura amashanyarazi. Sisitemu ya power grid impinduramatwara ya sisitemu irashobora gukoreshwa mugucunga kandi noguhindura buri gihe kububiko bunini, ububiko buke, hamwe nububiko budahagije, kimwe no kwemeza ko amashanyarazi afite umutekano. Muri icyo gihe, irashobora kongera ubushobozi bwubwikorezi bwa gride, kugabanya inzitizi, kandi igakoreshwa nkikosa ryo kugarura amashanyarazi byihutirwa.
Impinduka zijyanye n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere zifasha mu buryo bwiza bwo gushyiraho amashanyarazi, ibikoresho, ndetse no kubyara ingufu nshya, kumenya kugabanuka kw'amashanyarazi no kugabanya ibicuruzwa no kugabanya imyuka no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya.
Iyo gari ya moshi ijya muri terefone igafata feri, isazi yinjiza imbaraga kandi igahindura ingufu zingufu za kinetic. Ingufu za kinetic zahinduwe mumashanyarazi, zitangiza ingufu za gari ya moshi kandi zikagira ingaruka nziza zo kuzigama ingufu hamwe ningaruka zo guhagarika imbaraga.
Sitasiyo nshya yo kwishyuriraho amashanyarazi nko kubungabunga ibinyabiziga bishya bikoresha amashanyarazi birashobora gusobanurwa.
Sisitemu ya gride yuburebure bwa sisitemu yo guhindura irashobora gukoreshwa mugutunganya. Na none, guhinduranya inshuro kububiko bunini, ububiko buke, hamwe nububiko budahagije byemeza ko umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi uhagaze.
