Iterambere ryihuse ryamashanyarazi ya PV muri Amerika y'Epfo

Iminsi mike ishize, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi washyize ahagaragara 'Isoko ry’ibiteganijwe ku Isoko ku Isi ' ndetse anasobanura ko mu 2021, ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba buherutse gushyirwaho muri Amerika y'Epfo nta gushidikanya ko buzaba miliyoni 9,6 kilowatt ziyongera kuri 44%. Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2021, iterambere ryashyizweho ry’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba muri Amerika y'Epfo mu byukuri ryarenze miliyoni 30 kilowatt, ryiyongera inshuro zirenga 40 ugereranije na 2015. Biteganijwe ko muri porogaramu ya politiki, isoko ry'izuba muri Amerika y'Epfo rizakomeza rwose gutera imbere mu bihe biri imbere. Mbere ya 2026, akarere kashyizweho n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba cyangwa PV kaziyongera rwose miliyoni 30.8 kilowat buri mwaka.

Kubera ko icyifuzo cyo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no kongera ubukungu, iterambere ry’amafoto ryagiye riba umurimo w’ingenzi mu karere. Muri byo, Burezili, Kolombiya, Chili, n'ibindi bihugu bifata iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kugaragazwa n’amafoto y’amashanyarazi nk’ingufu nyamukuru yo kuzamura ubukungu kandi igashyira ahagaragara ingamba zijyanye cyangwa gahunda z’icyatsi.

Burezili nicyo gihugu cya mbere muri Amerika y'Epfo cyasohoye umutungo ushobora kuvugururwa binyuze mu gupiganira amashanyarazi hagati cyangwa amashanyarazi. Hejuru y'ibyo, imirimo ikwirakwizwa n'izuba yagiye ihora yishimira gahunda zifatika muri Berezile, zigizwe no kugabanya imisoro ndetse no kwemerera ba nyirayo kugurisha ingufu zirenze kumurongo.

Rodrigo Lopes Sauaia, Umuyobozi mukuru w’umuryango w’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba muri Berezile, yavuze ko inkunga ya politiki ari ngombwa mu gukomeza iterambere ry’isoko rya PV muri Berezile. Dukurikije amategeko aheruka gutangwa muri Berezile, imirimo ikwirakwizwa n’izuba yakozwe mbere ya 2022 izishimira igabanuka ry’imisoro kugeza mu 2045.

Hagati yo kwishyuza amashanyarazi menshi, amashanyarazi yageze kumashanyarazi muri Berezile. 'Mu mwaka ushize, ibiciro by'amashanyarazi muri Burezili byazamutseho 20% kugeza kuri 25%, nta gushidikanya ko bizigama amafaranga menshi ya buri munsi ku bakiriya ba nyuma batora amafoto.

Imibare yatanzwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’isoko ry’ingufu z’izuba ry’iburayi ryerekana ko mu 2021, muri Berezile hashyizweho ingufu z’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba rwose izagera kuri kilowati miliyoni 5. Kugeza mu mpera za Mata uyu mwaka, Berezile yashyizeho ubushobozi bwo gutanga amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba yageze kuri kilowati miliyoni 15. Biteganijwe ko mu 2022, ubushobozi bushya bw’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi cyangwa pv muri Berezile buzarenga miliyoni 12 kilowat, kandi n’ubushobozi bugenda bwiyongera bw’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba buzagera kuri kilowati miliyoni 25, byerekana iterambere rikabije muri urwo rwego.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, hamwe no kuzamura ubushobozi bwo gushyira ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, Burezili ikemura ikibazo cyo kwiyongera kw'ububiko bw'amashanyarazi. Mu 2021, gahunda yo gupiganira amasoko y’ingufu za kirimbuzi hagati ya Berezile yagabanutse. Nk’uko Rodrigo Lopes Sauaia abitangaza ngo mu by'ukuri hashyizweho amatsinda y'akazi ku isoko rya Berezile, ashaka gukora igishushanyo mbonera cyerekeye amabwiriza, umurongo ngenderwaho, imisoro, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, inkunga, n'ibindi.

Isoko rya Photovoltaque cyangwa pv yo muri Kolombiya, kimwe mubibazo bikomeye byubukungu muri Amerika y'Epfo, byongeye kandi murwego rwo kwihuta kwiterambere. Ibibazo byamasoko byazamutse mubyukuri kurwego runaka, kimwe namasosiyete yingufu yaguze mubyukuri amafoto ya fotora cyangwa pv.

Kugeza ubu, ubushobozi bwo kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi muri Chili bwarenze miliyoni 3 kilowat, kandi buri mwaka hashyizweho ingufu z’amashanyarazi zingana na kilowati ibihumbi 500. Dukurikije gahunda ya guverinoma ya Chili, kugira ngo intego yo kugabanya karubone igerweho, Chili izongerera byibuze miliyoni 6 kilowat y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu gihe kiri imbere.

Impuguke mu isoko ziteganya ko hifashishijwe isoko ry’Amerika yo muri Amerika y'Epfo, ubushobozi bushya bwashyizweho n’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ku isi buzarenga miliyoni 200 kilowatt ku nshuro ya mbere uyu mwaka, bushiraho inyandiko nshya. Ishyirahamwe ry’amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y’izuba ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi rivuga ko mu 2026, Amerika y'Epfo, cyane cyane Burezili, izaza kuba isoko y'ingenzi ku isi yo kubyara amashanyarazi mashya.

Mu minsi mike ishize, ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi ryashyize ahagaragara 'Raporo y’isoko ry’isoko ku isi ' maze ryerekana ko mu 2021, amashanyarazi mashya y’amashanyarazi yashyizweho muri Amerika y'Epfo azaba miliyoni 9,6 kilowat, yiyongereyeho 44%. Biteganijwe ko mu 2022, ingufu nshya zashyizweho n’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi muri Berezile zizarenga miliyoni 12 kilowat, naho ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi buzagera kuri miliyoni 25 kilowat, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko iterambere ryiyongera mu nganda.

Biteganijwe ko mu 2022, ingufu nshya zashyizweho n’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi muri Berezile zizarenga miliyoni 12 kilowat, naho ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi buzagera kuri miliyoni 25 kilowat, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko iterambere ryiyongera mu nganda.

Kugeza ubu, ubushobozi bwo kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi muri Chili bwarenze miliyoni 3 kilowat, kandi buri mwaka hashyizweho ingufu z’amashanyarazi zingana na kilowati ibihumbi 500. Mu minsi mike ishize, ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi ryashyize ahagaragara 'Raporo y’isoko ry’isoko ku isi ' maze ryerekana ko mu 2021, amashanyarazi mashya y’amashanyarazi yashyizweho muri Amerika y'Epfo azaba miliyoni 9,6 kilowat, yiyongereyeho 44%. Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2021, ubushobozi bwo gushyira ingufu z'amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi muri Amerika y'Epfo bwarengeje miliyoni 30 kilowatts, bwiyongereyeho inshuro zirenga 40 ugereranije na 2015. Biteganijwe ko mu 2022, ubushobozi bushya bw’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi muri Burezili buzarenga miliyoni 12 kilowat, kandi ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ingufu z’amashanyarazi bugera kuri miliyoni 25 za kilowati.