Hoʻopili ʻia me nā kumuwaiwai hou, hoʻoikaika nui ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana mālama ikehu.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka māhoe kalapona ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e hana ai. He aha ka pilina o 'ʻelua kalapona' me ka ikehu hou a me ka waihona?

No laila, ua kuhikuhi ʻo Academician Jin, 'No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pahu kalapona māhoe, ʻaʻole pono mākou e helu nui i ka hilinaʻi nui ʻana i ka ikehu mōʻalihaku, a me ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka mana makani a me ka ikehu lā i ka ikehu hou. GW, he piʻi o 74% makahiki-ma-makahiki. I ka makahiki 2021, ʻeono mau noho ma koʻu ʻāina ka poʻe alakaʻi nui o ka mana makani makani honua. No ka makani makani a me ka ikehu o ka lā, no ko kākou ʻāina, inā he waiwai waiwai, ka ikaika ʻenehana, a i ʻole ka unahi ʻoihana, ʻaʻole ia he 'ā'ī kāleka.'

No ka hana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai hou, pono ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu hou i nā hoʻomohala ʻenehana.

' Hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ikehu a me (hou) ikehu waiho wahi 'ike loea hou mea he subversive hoʻomohala 'enehana, ka mea nui hodifies kanaka hoohana mana. Fossil ikehu punawai e like me ka lanahu, aila, a me ke kinoea ua hoʻoikaika nui i ka ulu ana o ke kūlana waiwai o ke ao nei. Duty.

' Me ka holomua wikiwiki o ka mālama ʻana i ka mana, ka ʻenehana hou, ka mokulele, nā kaʻaahi, a me ka hoʻokele ʻana, e lilo ka electrification i mea maoli.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jin Yong, ʻo ka hōʻike noiʻi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka International Green Peace Company i hōʻike mua ʻia ʻo ka ikehu i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mana o ka lā ma mua o 2850 mau manawa i ka pono o ka ikehu o ka honua, no laila ʻoiai aia nā kikowaena lā me ka hana maikaʻi loa a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka ikehu lā he theoretically pau ʻole.

ʻO ka ikehu hou, e like me ka ikaika o ka lā a me ka makani, he mea nui ia iā Kina. He 50% o ka mahele lanahu pākahi o ka honua a me 20% o ka noho lanahu ma kēlā me kēia kanaka o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jin Yong: 'Inā ʻaʻole hilinaʻi ʻo Kina i ka aila, ka lanahu, a me ke kinoea, ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke hoʻōki iā mākou ma ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka ikehu lā a me ka makani.

Inā makemake ʻoe e hana i kahi ʻōnaehana mana me ka zero -carbon a ʻaʻohe co2 emissions, ʻo ka nele o nā loulou pūnaewele ʻenehana nui ka mālama mana. 'No ka mea he ikaika ka volatility a me ka wā o ka makani makani a me ka ikehu lā, akā pono ka mana a me nā mea kūʻai aku i kahi lako mana paʻa, no laila, pono e ʻae ʻia ka ikehu hou e hoʻomohala i kahi kikowaena akamai. Hoʻololi i ka ikehu fossil.

ʻO kahi ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana mālama wahi ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono i kona mau hemahema, a ʻaʻole i pau ka ʻenehana kikowaena mālama mana. 'I kēia manawa, ua like ka nui o ka nui o ka ikehu me Kina a i ʻole ka honua. ʻO ia ka paila ʻana i kahi waiho wai (ka ʻenehana mālama mana maʻamau). He paʻakikī ke koho i kahi o ka hale hoʻokele ikehu; ʻo ka lua, ʻo ke kumu kūʻai kālā hoʻopukapuka ʻana o nā hale mana hoʻoheheʻe he kumu kiʻekiʻe, e piʻi ana i 7000 a 8,000 yuan/kW. '

'I kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻenehana hou loa o ka ʻenehana mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, ʻo ia ka wahi e mālama ai i ka ikehu uila, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nei ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa uila electrochemical i kēia manawa a me kahi hopena koʻikoʻi. Ua ʻoluʻolu ka mea hou ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka palekana No Kina, he mākeke e kū mai ana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa akamai, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻenehana, ka holomua ʻana o ka hoʻolālā ʻana, a me ka hana nui.

Ke hoʻokomo nei ka wahi mālama mana i ka ikehu kinetic hou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

ʻO ka halihali, ʻoihana, a me ke kūkulu ʻana ke kumu nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu fossil a me ka pahuhopu koʻikoʻi o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana a me nā hoʻokuʻu. Hiki ke pāʻani ikaika ʻia ka ikehu hou a me ka ʻenehana wahi mālama mana ma nā mākeke hoʻohana nui ʻekolu a me nā mākeke hoʻokuʻu kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻāpana, nā hale, a me nā halihali. Pehea e pili ana ia mea?

I ka pane ʻana i kēia pilikia, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jin Yong, 'ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i ka mākeke kila ke hoʻohana i nā umu uila i ke kila no ke kila; hiki i ka hale a me ke kūkulu hale ke hoʻohana i ka ikehu geothermal, ka makani makani, ka mana o ka lā a me nā kumuwaiwai hou aʻe e loaʻa ai ka pono ponoʻī i ka mana kūkulu. ' He mea maʻamau. Me kou ikehu lā pono'ī a me ka mea hana makani makani, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ka lawa pono ʻana o ka ikehu uila e hōʻoia ʻaʻole pono ka mana o kēlā me kēia ʻohana i ka mana mai ka Net, a hiki iā ia ke kūʻai aku i ka mana nui i ka paʻa mana. Hiki i Kina ke hoʻokō i kēia ma nā kūlana kūikawā, e like me nā wahi home hoʻomaha kūlanakauhale a me nā hale ʻāina hiki ke hoʻokō i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu. '

E like me nā stats, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kaʻa kaʻa hou kahi wahi e mālama ai i ka ikehu o 60 a 100 kWh ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau. Hoʻokumu koke ʻia nā kaʻa kaʻa mana hou o koʻu ʻāina, me ka nui o 13 miliona mau ʻāpana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kaʻa kaʻa uila hou e like me nā ʻenehana mālama mana.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jin Yong, 'Hiki i ka ʻāina ke hoʻolauna i nā kūlana a me nā kulekele e hoʻohui i ka ʻenehana mālama mālama ikehu no nā ʻōhua mana kaʻa.

' Me ka holomua wikiwiki o ka mālama ʻana i ka mana, ka ʻenehana hou, ka mokulele, nā kaʻaahi, a me ka hoʻokele ʻana, e lilo ka electrification i mea maoli.

Ke nānā nei ʻoe i ka papa mana e hiki mai ana, ka pā lithium, a i ʻole ka mana hydrogen?

Ua hoʻomaikaʻi koke ʻia ka pākaukau lithium o kēia manawa a me ka ʻenehana ʻenehana sodium-ion e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o nā pākahi lithium ʻo ka nui o ka mana e hoʻopaʻa iā lākou. ''Ōlelo mai 'o Jin Yong,' No ka mea lapa'au e like me a'u, 'o ka hala, ka manawa, a me ka wā e hiki mai ana, 'a'ole ia he ikehu.

ʻO ka hoʻopuka makahiki o ka hydrogen i koʻu ʻāina ʻo ia ka mea nui loa o ka honua, me ka hoʻopuka makahiki ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 miliona mau tons, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 miliona mau tons i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ammonia synthetic a i ʻole nā ​​​​kemika. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia he haʻahaʻa loa ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka hydrogen electrolytic wai i koʻu ʻāina no ka mea he kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai. Maʻemaʻe loa ka hydrogen electrolyte, haʻahaʻa ka hoʻokele waiwai, a ʻo ka ʻenehana hydrogen wai electrolytic pono e hana hou.

Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Jin Yong i ka 'hydrogen fuel cell is the chemicals of hydrogen and oxygen into a battery e hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i ikehu uila. ʻO ke kumu o ka hydrogen fuel cell is a chemical battery, and the conversion efficiency of hydrogen fuel cell is relative low. He hapalua wale nō kona ikehu, a he 50% wale nō ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu. e hoʻololi i ka uila i hydrogen a laila e hoʻololi i ka hydrogen i ka uila.

Ua hōʻike ʻo Jinyong e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā wahie hydrogen ma lalo o nā kūlana kūikawā, e like me nā kaʻa kaumaha a me nā submarines, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka 300 kg o ke kinikini hydrogen kiʻekiʻe me nā kaʻa wahie hydrogen, a he liʻiliʻi loa nā molekala hydrogen e laha a komo.

ʻO ka ikehu hou + a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu e hoʻohui i ke kala i ka koi ikaika.

Hōʻike ka ʻikepili noiʻi ma 2060, ʻo ka nui o ka ikehu o ka ikehu o koʻu ʻāina e pili ana i 2.373 biliona a 4.746 biliona tons o ka lanahu maʻamau, e like me 1.9.3 trillion a 38.6 trillion kWh, a ʻo ka hoʻohana uila per capita he 13,000 a 26,000 mau hola. Ma kahi o 2.5 a 5 mau manawa. ʻO wai ka ikehu a me ka ikehu e hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻohana uila nui o koʻu ʻāina?

Manaʻo ʻo Jin Yong ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu hou a me ka hoʻohui nuklea (hiki ke mālama ʻia) ʻo ia ka hopena nui i ka ikehu e hiki mai ana e hoʻokō i nā pahu kalapona ʻelua a hoʻokō i nā pono uila e hiki mai ana. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Academician Jinyong ua lawa ka ikehu i hāʻawi ʻia e ka substation nuclear aggregation substation.

Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Jin Yong i ka mea hiki ke wānana i ka makahiki 2060, hiki i koʻu ʻāina ke hoʻonui i ka ikehu hiki ke hoʻokō i ka nui o ka ikehu koi o 80%, a ʻo ke koena he kinoea maoli, aila, a me ka lanahu, ʻo 7.4%, 7.3%, a me 1.7%, kēlā me kēia. I kēlā manawa, e mau ana ka waiwai o nā hale mana ikehu fossil. ʻO ka manaʻo he hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonohonoho maʻalahi, hoʻoponopono, a hui pū me ka pūnaewele ikehu hou.

Ma kēia mea, ua kuhikuhi ʻo Academician Jin, 'No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pahu kalapona ʻelua, ʻaʻole pono mākou e hilinaʻi nui i ka ikehu mōʻalihaku, a pono e hilinaʻi i ka mana makani a me ka ikehu lā i ka ikehu hou. 'No ka mea he ikaika ka volatility a me ka wā o ka makani makani a me ka ikehu lā, akā pono ka mana a me nā mea hoʻohana i ka mana paʻa, no laila pono e hui pū ʻia ka ikehu hou me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu e hana ai i kahi mākaʻikaʻi akamai. ʻAʻole pono ka uila mai ka Pūnaewele ke kūʻai aku i ka mana o ka mana o kēlā me kēia hale.