Bikozesebwa ki ebizingirwa mu butonde bw’enkola y’okukola amasannyalaze g’enjuba (solar photovoltaic power generation system)?

Enkola eyabulijjo ey’okukola amasannyalaze g’enjuba aga photovoltaic oba pv ekolebwa okulonda kwa bbaatule z’enjuba (ebitundu), ttivvi za cable, ebyuma ebikyusa amaanyi ebya digito (inverters), ebyuma ebitereka amaanyi (bbaatule), emigugu oba abantu ssekinnoomu, n’ebirala Mu byo, bbaatule y’enjuba ebanga n’ekyuma ekitereka amaanyi ye nkola y’amasannyalaze, ekifuga nga kw’otadde n’ekikyusa amasannyalaze eky’amasannyalaze ye nkola y’okufuga era n’okukuuma, awamu ne tons ye nkola ekitawona.

1. Battery z’enjuba ez’enjawulo

Ekyuma ekisinga obutono eky’okukyusa amasannyalaze g’ekitangaala ye solar cell. Sayizi yaayo eri 4 ~ 100cm2, voltage yaayo ekola eri 0.45 ~ 0.50 V, nga kwotadde ne current yaayo ekola eri 20 ~ 25mA/cm2, kale tesobola kukozesebwa nga power supply yokka. Mu nkola y’okukola amasannyalaze aga photovoltaic oba pv, obutoffaali bw’enjuba bwetaaga okuyungibwa mu lunyiriri, nga bukwatagana era nga nabwo bupakibwa okusobola okukola modulo za bbaatule z’enjuba. Amaanyi gaayo gayinza okuva ku watts ntono okutuuka ku bikumi n’ebikumi bya watts era era esobola okukozesebwa yokka ng’ensibuko y’amaanyi. Ensengekera y’obutoffaali bw’enjuba erina okuyunga ebitundu by’obutoffaali bw’enjuba mu kukungaanya n’okukwatagana n’oluvannyuma okubiteeka ku bbulakiti. Kisobola okufulumya ebikumi n’ebikumi bya watts, kilowatts eziwera oba mpozzi okusingawo, era ye generator y’amasannyalaze ag’enkola y’okukola amasannyalaze aga photovoltaic.

Waliwo ebika by’ebitundu bya bbaatule y’enjuba bingi. Okusinziira ku kika ky’obutoffaali bw’enjuba, busobola okwawulwamu: ebitundu bya silikoni ebirina kirisitaalo emu, ebitundu bya silikoni ebirina ekiristaayo ekinene, ebitundu bya gallium arsenide, ebitundu by’obutoffaali bwa silikoni obutono obutali bwa kikula, n’ebirala. Mu byo, silikoni eya kirisitaalo (nga mw’otwalidde silikoni ow’ekiristaayo ekimu ate era ne silikoni ow’ebintu ebingi) Ebitundu by’obutoffaali bw’enjuba bikola ebitundu ebiwera 80% ku 90% ku katale. Ebintu ebipakinga n’enkola za crystalline silicon nazo za njawulo, okusinga zaawulwamu epoxy material securing, laminated product packaging silicone product packaging, etc. Mu kiseera kino, enkola y’okupakinga ebintu mu vacuum lamination esinga kukozesebwa, era era enkola eno ey’okupakinga esaanira okupakinga mu makolero kwa bbaatule eziri mu kitundu ekinene.

2. Ekipande ky’enjuba

Enkola ezeetongodde ez’okukola amasannyalaze aga photovoltaic oba pv zeesigamye ku bbaatule okutereka amasannyalaze agasukkiridde, kale bbaatule zikola omulimu omukulu mu nkola ezeetongodde ez’okukola amasannyalaze aga photovoltaic. Nga bbeeyi esabibwa ey’ebitundu by’amasannyalaze g’enjuba ekendeera, ebitundu ku kikumi eby’ebisale bya bbaatule mu nkola enzijuvu ssente eziteekebwamu bijja kulinnya mpolampola. Okugatta ku ekyo, mu nkola y’enkola y’okukola amasannyalaze ag’ekitangaala eyeetongodde, enkola eya bulijjo ey’enkola eno olw’okulemererwa kwa bbaatule mazima ddala ejja kubeera mu kitundu kinene. N’olwekyo, nga okola enkola eno, kikulu nnyo okulonda ekika kya bbaatule ekituufu, okuzuula obusobozi bwa bbaatule obutuufu, okukola obulungi enteekateeka, enkola, era n’okulabirira n’obwegendereza enkola eya bulijjo ey’enkola eyetongodde ey’okukola amasannyalaze g’enjuba aga photovoltaic oba pv.

3. Amasannyalaze digito converter (photovoltaic oba pv inverter) .

Inverter mu nkola y’okukola amasannyalaze aga photovoltaic oba pv ye circuit converter, era era omulimu gwayo kwe kukyusa current direct ekolebwa solar cell array mu rotating present nga erina regularities ez’enjawulo ezeetaagisa n’emiwendo gya voltage. Inverter esobola okwawulwamu right into passive ate nga nayo active. Passive inverter kitegeeza nti amaanyi ga DC gaweebwa butereevu mu looti nga gayita mu inverter, nga kwotadde ne energetic inverter eraga nti amaanyi ga DC gaweebwa ku masannyalaze g’empewo ne inverter.

Okwetaaga okukyusa DC okudda mu AC era kiragibwa mu kuba nti enkola y’amasannyalaze bw’eba yeetaaga okutumbula oba okukendeeza ku vvulovumenti, enkola y’empewo yeetaaga kwongerako tulansifooma yokka, so ng’ate obuyiiya n’ebikozesebwa mu nkola ya DC biba bisoomooza nnyo. N’olwekyo, ng’oggyeeko bakasitoma ab’enjawulo, inverter zeetaagibwa mu nkola z’amasannyalaze aga photovoltaic oba pv.

Okugatta ku ekyo, inverter okugatta ku ekyo erina omulimu gwa automatic voltage guideline oba hand-operated voltage law, ekiyinza okutumbula omutindo gw’amasannyalaze g’enkola y’okukola amasannyalaze aga photovoltaic. Tewali kubuusabuusa nti inverter kyuma kikulu nnyo era nga kikulu nnyo okuyimirizaawo mu nkola y’okukola amasannyalaze ag’ekitangaala.