Battery ya lithium power kye ki? Biki ebiraga bbaatule ya lithium power?

Battery ya Lithium power kika kya bbaatule ekipya eky’amaanyi amangi. Negative electrode ya bbaatule eno ye metal lithium, ate positive electrode ye MnO2, SOCl2, (CFX) n, n’ebirala Mu myaka gya 1970, kyafuuka kya mugaso. Olw’okuba erina ebirungi eby’amaanyi amangi, vvulovumenti ya bbaatule ennene, ebbugumu eringi erikola, n’obulamu obuwanvu bw’okutereka, ebadde ekozesebwa nnyo mu byuma by’amasannyalaze ebitonotono eby’amagye n’eby’obwannannyini, gamba ng’amasimu, kompyuta ezikwatibwako, kkamera, kkamera n’ebirala Battery za lithium ez’amaanyi amangi zibadde zikozesebwa mu mmotoka ez’amasannyalaze.

Ebifaananyi bya bbaatule y’amaanyi ga lithium

1. Voltage ekola eya bbaatule emu eri waggulu nga 3.7V, nga eno ekubisaamu emirundi esatu eya bbaatule ya nickel-cadmium ne nickel-hydrogen, ate kumpi emirundi ebiri eya bbaatule ya lead-acid, nga nayo nsonga nkulu nnyo olw’amasoboza ag’enjawulo aga waggulu aga bbaatule ya lithium power. N’olwekyo, nga tukola bbaatule y’amaanyi nga erina vvulovumenti y’emu, omuwendo gwa bbaatule z’amaanyi ga lithium mu lunyiriri gujja kuba mutono nnyo okusinga ogwa bbaatule za asidi w’omusulo ne bbaatule za Ni MH. Omuwendo gwa bbaatule emu mu bbaatule y’amasannyalaze gye gukoma okuba omungi, n’obwetaavu bwa bbaatule emu mu bbaatule gye bukoma okubeera obuwanvu, era n’obulamu bwazo bwe buba buwanvu. Oluvannyuma lw’okwekenneenya ebizibu bya bbaatule mu nkola y’okukozesa entuufu, okutwalira awamu bbaatule emu oba bbiri ezimu zirina obuzibu, ekivaako obuzibu bwa bbaatule yonna. N’olwekyo, si kizibu kutegeera lwaki feedback ya bbaatule ya 48V lead-acid eri waggulu okusinga eya 36V lead-acid battery; Okusinziira ku ndowooza eno, bbaatule za lithium zisinga kukwatagana na bbaatule z’amaanyi.

2. Amaanyi amatono ate nga ga specific high: okutuuka ku 150wh / kg, nga gano gakubisaamu emirundi ebiri ku bbaatule ya Ni MH ate emirundi ena ku bbaatule ya lead-acid. N’olwekyo, obuzito buba kimu kya kusatu ku kimu kyakuna ku bbaatule ya asidi w’omusulo ng’erina amaanyi ge gamu. Okusinziira ku ndowooza eno, bbaatule ya lithium enywa eby’obugagga bitono. Ekirala, olw’ebintu ebinene ebikozesebwa mu bbaatule ya lithium manganate, bbeeyi ya bbaatule ya lead-acid ne bbaatule ya Ni MH eyinza okwongera okulinnyisibwa, era ssente za bbaatule ya lithium power zijja kwongera okukendeera. Obuzito bwa bbaatule ya lithium ku ddigi ey’amasannyalaze buli kkiro 2.2-4, obuzito bwa bbaatule ya lead-acid buli kkiro 12-20, ate obuzito bwa bbaatule ya lithium buli nga kimu kyakuna ku kimu kya kusatu ekya bbaatule ya lead-acid, nga kino kiweweevu kkiro nga 10 okusinga bbaatule ya lead-acid (36V, 10Ah battery). Obuzito bwa bbaatule bukendeezebwa ebitundu 70% ate obuzito bwonna obw’emmotoka yonna bukendeezebwa waakiri ebitundu 20%. Okugatta ku ekyo, ttaamu ya lithium eya bulijjo ddigi ya masannyalaze nnyangu. Olw’okuba bbaatule etangaala n’emmotoka yonna, mayiro z’okuvuga bbaatule eno ng’erina vvulovumenti n’obusobozi bwe bimu ziwanvuwa. Obuzito bw’emmotoka eya bulijjo ey’amasannyalaze busukka kkiro 40, ate obuzito bw’obugaali obw’amasannyalaze obwa bbaatule ya lithium buli wakati wa kkiro 7 ne 26. Abakyala n’abakadde basobola bulungi okugitambuza, era n’okuvuga kw’omuntu nayo nnyangu nnyo. Eriko ebyemizannyo n’eby’okwesanyusaamu.

3. Voliyumu entono: okutuuka ku 400wh / L, obuzito buba kitundu kimu ku kimu kya kusatu eky’ekyo ekya bbaatule ya lead-acid. Ewa embeera za dizayini, ekifo kya dizayini n’okusobola okuzimba ensaamusaamu n’endabika ennungi. Ku mutendera guno, olw'obuzibu bw'obuzito n'obuzito bwa bbaatule za asidi w'omusulo, ebirowoozo by'okukola dizayini by'abakola dizayini biziyizibwa nnyo, ekivaamu 'oludda olumu olw'emmotoka lukumi' mu nsengeka n'endabika y'obugaali obw'amasannyalaze ku mutendera guno, obufaanagana era nga tebukola kimu. Okukozesa bbaatule za lithium kiwa abakola dizayini ekifo ekinene n’embeera okulaga ebirowoozo bya dizayini n’emisono gya dizayini. Kya lwatu nti era kivaako sayizi ez’enjawulo eza bbaatule ez’amaanyi ga lithium ku bugaali obw’amasannyalaze, ekitali kya mugaso mu nkulaakulana y’amakolero ga bbaatule ez’amaanyi ga lithium. Amakolero ga bbaatule za lithium power era geetaaga okukola omutindo gw’eggwanga ku bbaatule za lithium ez’obugaali obw’amasannyalaze amangu ddala nga bwe kisoboka, n’okwanguyiza okukyusa bbaatule za lithium ku bbaatule za lead-acid mu mulimu gw’obugaali obw’amasannyalaze. Kya lwatu nti bbaatule za lithium ziri mu nteekateeka ya nkulaakulana obutasalako. Ebintu n’enkola ez’enjawulo zirina enjawulo nnene mu bunene bwa bbaatule, era engeri y’okuzigatta nayo kizibu.

4. Obulamu bwa cycle obuwanvu: okutuuka ku cycles 1000. Okusinziira ku busobozi bwa 60%, omuwendo gw’enzirukanya y’okucaajinga n’okufulumya ebitundu 100% mu bbaatule esobola okutuuka ku mirundi egisukka mu 600, obulamu bw’okugikola busobola okutuuka ku myaka 3-5, ate obulamu bw’okukola buba nga emirundi ebiri oba esatu egya bbaatule ya asidi w’omusulo. Olw’obuyiiya bwa tekinologiya n’okulongoosa ebyuma, obulamu bwa bbaatule bujja kuba buwanvu nnyo, era n’omutindo gw’ensimbi gujja kuba gwa waggulu nnyo.

5. Omuwendo gw’okwesiibulwa omutono: wansi wa 5% buli mwezi.

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7. Tewali kujjukira: n’olwekyo, tekikwetaagisa kufulumya nga bbaatule ya nickel-cadmium ne bbaatule ya nickel-hydrogen nga buli lw’ogicaajinga, era esobola okucaajinga essaawa yonna ne wonna. Obuziba bw’okucaajinga n’okufulumya bbaatule tebulina kinene kye bukola ku bulamu bwa bbaatule. Kisobola okucaajinga mu bujjuvu n’okufulumya mu bujjuvu. Ekigezo kyaffe ekya cycle kijjula charge era nga kifulumiziddwa mu bujjuvu.

8. Naddala esaanira bbaatule y’amaanyi: ng’oggyeeko vvulovumenti enkulu eya bbaatule ya lithium, olubaawo lw’obukuumi olwa bbaatule y’amaanyi ga lithium lusobola okukola okulondoola okutuufu okwa buli bbaatule emu n’okuddukanya okw’amagezi okw’amaanyi amatono. Eriko okucaajinga okusukkiridde, okusukkiridde, ebbugumu, amasannyalaze agasukkiridde, okukuuma mu short-circuit, omulimu gw’okwezzaawo ogw’okusiba n’omulimu ogw’okucaajinga ogw’enjawulo ogwesigika, ekiwanvuya ennyo obulamu bwa bbaatule. So nga ebika bya bbaatule ebirala (nga bbaatule ezirimu asidi w’omusulo) bitera okucaajinga ennyo n’okujjula ennyo olw’obutakyukakyuka bwa bbaatule, chajingi n’ebizibu ebirala nga bikozesebwa (olw’omuwendo n’ensonga endala, buli bbaatule emu tesobola kulondoolebwa na kukuumibwa mu bbaatule ya asidi w’omusulo)

9.'green battery', ewagirwa gavumenti. Olw’okubeerawo kw’ebintu eby’obulabe lead ne cadmium mu bbaatule za lead-acid ne cadmium nickel batteries, gavumenti eteekeddwa okunyweza okulondoola n’Enfuga (okusazaamu omusolo gw’okutunda ebweru w’eggwanga ku bbaatule za lead-acid, okwongeza omusolo ku by’obugagga eby’omusulo n’okuziyiza okutunda obugaali bw’amasannyalaze obulimu lead-acid), n’omuwendo gw’ebitongole ebikwatagana nabyo bijja kweyongera. Wadde nga bbaatule ya lithium terina bucaafu, okusinziira ku ndowooza y’okukuuma eby’obugagga, okuddamu okukola bbaatule ya lithium power, obukuumi mu kuddamu okukola n’ensimbi ezisaasaanyizibwa mu kuddamu okukola nabyo byetaaga okulowoozebwako.

10. Waliwo obulabe obuyinza okubaawo mu by’okwerinda: olw’amaanyi amangi n’obutebenkevu bw’ebintu obubi mu bbaatule z’amaanyi ga lithium, bbaatule za lithium zitera okufuna obuzibu mu by’okwerinda. Abakola bbaatule z’amasimu ne katabo ezimanyiddwa mu nsi yonna (lithium cobalt oxide ne ternary materials) ne kkampuni z’e Japan nga Sanyo ne Sony zeetaaga nti omuwendo gw’okubwatuka kwa bbaatule gufugibwe wansi wa 40 ppb (ekimu kya kawumbi), era kirungi amakampuni g’omunda okutuuka ku ppm (ekimu kya bukadde), Obusobozi bwa bbaatule y’amaanyi busukka emirundi 100 okusinga obwa bbaatule y’essimu, kale ebyetaago by’obukuumi bwa bbaatule ya lithium biri waggulu nnyo. Wadde nga bbaatule za lithium cobalt oxide n’ebintu ebisatu birina ebirungi by’obuzito obutono n’obunene obutono, tezisaanira ku bbaatule z’amaanyi mu mmotoka ez’amasannyalaze.

11. Bbeeyi ya waggulu: bbeeyi ya bbaatule ya lithium power nga erina voltage ne capacity y’emu eri emirundi 3-4 okusinga eya lead-acid. Olw’okugaziwa kw’akatale ka bbaatule za lithium power, okukendeeza ku nsaasaanya, okulongoosa mu mutindo n’okweyongera kw’ebbeeyi ya bbaatule ya lead-acid, omulimu gw’omuwendo gwa bbaatule ya lithium power gwolekedde okusukka ogwa bbaatule ya lead-acid.