Manaʻo ka hōʻike noiʻi noiʻi e hoʻonui ka nui o ka mākeke mālama mana o Kina ma kahi o 1.3 trillion yuan i 2030.

ʻElua mau hoʻohuli hou ʻana i ka mākeke pākahi mana o Kina.

ʻO ka hakakā ʻana o ka papa hana ʻenehana ma waena o ka lithium iron phosphate battery a me ka ternary lithium battery i hana maoli ʻia no nā makahiki he nui.

I ka makahiki 2021, e hoʻohuli hou ka lithium iron phosphate i ka lithium ternary no ka manawa mua loa i ka mākeke pā uila mana o Kina, e hoʻopau ana i ke ʻano pākaukau me ka hiki ke hoʻokomo nui ʻia; i kēia makahiki, e hoʻonui hou ʻia ka hakahaka ma waena o nā pākahi lithium iron phosphate a me nā pākahi lithium ternary. Akā mai ka ʻike honua holoʻokoʻa, mālama paʻa ka lithium ternary i ka nui o ka mākeke pākahi mana.

ʻO wai ka mea e hoʻoponopono i ka piʻi a me ka iho o ka lithium iron phosphate a me ka lithium ternary i ka wā e hiki mai ana? ʻO Yang Hongxin, ka luna hoʻomalu a me ka Luna Nui o Honeycomb Power Innovation Co., Ltd. (i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Honeycomb Power') i kēia manawa i haʻi aku i kahi mea paʻi paʻi mai China Company News e hoʻohana ʻia ka 'ʻōnaehana kobalt-free nui' me ka lithium iron phosphate a me ka lithium manganese oxide i ka mākeke mana holoʻokoʻa i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Manaʻo ʻia ka ʻāpana mākeke pākaukau e hele ma mua o 70%, kahi o ka lithium iron phosphate i ʻoi aku ma mua o 60%, a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe.

'E loaʻa i Kina a me ka honua holoʻokoʻa kēia ratio.' Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Yang Hongxin, ʻo ka ʻenehana i ka lithium iron phosphate ʻenehana hou a me ka framework i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua hoʻopaʻa loa i ka ʻole me ka nui o ka ikehu o nā pākahi lithium ternary, a ke hōʻike ʻia hoʻi ka pōmaikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai i ka wā e piʻi ai ke kumukūʻai o nā mea i luna. I kēia manawa, ua uhi maoli nā pākaukau lithium iron phosphate i ka mākeke koʻikoʻi me ke ola pākaukau o 500-700 mau kilomita, a ke hoʻololi nei hoʻi i nā pākahi lithium ternary i loko o ka mākeke wahi mālama mana. ʻO ka wā e hiki mai ana o nā pākahi lithium ternary i kālele ʻia i ka ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka mākeke pili kālā wikiwiki loa, a me ke kahua o nā ʻoihana paʻa paʻa ʻaʻole i kūʻai ʻia.

I loko o nā makahiki ʻelua wale nō, ua ʻike maoli ka mākeke pā uila mana o Kina i ʻelua huli ʻana.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka holomua o nā lorry ikehu hou, ma muli o nā pōmaikaʻi o ke kumukūʻai, palekana, a me ke ola pōʻai, ʻo ka lithium iron phosphate ka mea i koho mua ʻia no nā cathodes, a ʻo kāna mākeke ma mua loa. I ka makahiki 2016, ua helu ʻia nā pākahi lithium iron phosphate no 69% o ka mākeke pākaukau mana noho. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o ka manawa like, ʻo ke ola pākaukau maikaʻi o nā kaʻa kaʻa e hoʻohana ana i nā pākahi lithium hao phosphate ma kahi o 200-300 mau kilomita. Me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana, aia ma kahi o 400 mau kilomita i ka makahiki 2020. ʻO ke kaohi ʻana o ka holo kaʻa kaʻa e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā kaʻa mana hou.

I ka makahiki 2017, ua hoʻololi nā ʻoihana aupuni kūpono a me nā uku i ka hoʻolālā kōkua no nā kaʻa mana hou, a no ka manawa mua i hoʻokomo ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka pā uila ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi kuhikuhi kōkua, 'The mass energy density of the power battery system of clean electric guest E hāʻawi ʻia ke kōkua ma 1.1 manawa.' Ua lawe maoli mai kēia i ka hoʻonui wikiwiki ʻana o ka mākeke lithium me ka nui o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe. Ua emi nui ka mahele o na paikini hao lithium phosphate.

Wahi a ka ʻike o ka Power Battery Alliance, i ka makahiki 2018, ua hōʻea ka piʻi ʻana o nā pihi mana noho i ka 70.6 GWh, kahi o 55.5% o nā ʻāpana ternary, a ʻo ka lithium iron phosphate batteries he 39.7%. I ka makahiki 2019, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka pākuʻi lithium iron phosphate i 33%, a ʻo ka hapa o nā pā lithium ternary i hiki i 58%. I ka hapaha mua o 2020, ua hoʻonui maoli ʻia ka māhele mākeke o nā pākahi lithium ternary i 76%, a ʻo ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana hoʻokahi e ʻoi aku ka maopopo. Ua manaʻo kekahi mau hui noiʻi noiʻi i ka manawa e mālama pono nā mea ternary i ka mākeke cathode.

I Malaki 2020, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo BYD i kahi 'smash hit' i kāhāhā i ke kahua o nā kaʻa mana hou - ʻo ka pā uila. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pākahi kuʻuna, hoʻokiʻekiʻe maikaʻi ka pā uila i ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia ka nui o nā pila ma ka wahi like. Hoʻonui ʻia ke kumukūʻai hoʻohana nui ma mua o 50%, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka holo ʻana ma mua o 50%, a hiki i kahi pae kokoke i ka pae like o ka mana kiʻekiʻe ka mānoanoa lithium ternary.

'No nā kaʻa e hoʻohana ana i nā pākaukau lithium iron phosphate i nā makahiki mua loa, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka huakaʻi huakaʻi o 400 mau kilomita. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻolālā, ua hana ʻo BYD i ka holo ʻana o nā ʻano pākahi lithium hao phosphate a hiki i 500 kilomita. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Hongxin me ka hana hou ʻana o ka spheroidization o ka lithium iron phosphate, ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā electrolytes hou, a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā huahana electrode maikaʻi ʻole, ua ʻōlelo maoli ʻia nā mea paʻa o ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka lithium iron phosphate.

Eia kekahi, me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka mana gram a me ka wahi compaction, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻolālā particle, hiki i ka lithium iron phosphate ke hoʻokō i ka mana o 195 watts per kg, hiki ke hoʻomau i ke ola pākaukau o 800 mau kilomita, e uhi ana i ke ola pākaukau o nā kaʻa B-papa a me C-papa a me nā kaʻa. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia makahiki, ʻo ka lithium manganese iron phosphate, i hānau ʻia ma ka hui ʻana o ka lithium iron phosphate a me ka lithium manganese phosphate, he 210 Wh / kg ka ikehu, ʻoi aku ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia e 10% a 15% i ka nui a me ke kaumaha hoʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka lithium iron phosphate.

I Iulai 2021, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka mana i hoʻokomo ʻia o nā pākaukau lithium iron phosphate i kēlā me nā pākahi lithium ternary no ka manawa mua loa. Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka wahi, a i ka hopena ua lanakila nā pā hao lithium iron phosphate me ka māhele mākeke o 52% i 2021.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kalaka mana hou, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui o ka lako i hoʻonui nui ʻia i ke kumukūʻai o nā kumu waiwai o luna, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pihi lithium ternary mai ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai huahana. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka cobalt ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo ia ka helu cobalt no kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ke kumu kūʻai huahana electrode maikaʻi o nā pākahi lithium ternary. I ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pākahi ternary 523 ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo ka cobalt ka 20% o ke kumu kūʻai waiwai, a me kāna mau kumukūʻai e hoʻololi pololei i ka lilo o nā pila. Eia kekahi, ʻo 66% o ka hana cobalt o ka honua mai ka Autonomous Republic of the Congo. ʻO ka mālama ʻana o ka cobalt o Kina no ka 1% o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka honua. ʻO ka hemahema o nā kumu cobalt e hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ka palekana o ke kaulahao lako pā uila.

I ʻOkakopa 2021, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Tesla, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka cobalt, ʻo ke ola pākaukau maʻamau Design 3 a me ka Version Y ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e hoʻololi maoli i nā pahu lithium hao phosphate cobalt-free.

' ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o Tesla i ka lithium iron phosphate he manawa hōʻikeʻike loa ia.' Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Yang Hongxin ma mua o 2021, ʻae nā kaʻa kaʻa nui a me nā mea hana kaʻa kaʻa i ka Iapana a me nā hale hana pākaukau Korea. Ua hoʻohana mau lākou i nā pākahi lithium ternary a ʻaʻole ʻike nui e pili ana i ka hao phosphate. pākahi lithium. I ka hopena o 2021, ʻo ʻEulopa a me nā mea hana kaʻa ʻAmelika e hoʻomaʻamaʻa hou iā lākou iho me ka lithium iron phosphate, a hoʻomaka pū e hoʻopili i nā hui Kina e nānā a hoʻokumu i nā mea lithium iron phosphate.

Mai ka manaʻo o ka mākeke, ua piʻi maoli ke kūʻai aku o nā EV a me nā PHEV no ka mea ma 2015. ʻO ka mākeke Kina wale nō e paʻa i ka 3.1 miliona mau ʻōnaehana ma 2021, a me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia e kūʻai ʻia ana nā 6 miliona mau ʻōnaehana i 2022. Ma ka manawa like, China Advancement Power Guronautics, China Advancement Aeronautics Aeronautics. Hoʻokomo ikaika ʻo Honeycomb Energy i ka lithium iron phosphate a me nā hana hana hana pākaukau ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka hopena hōʻike a Tesla, ka haʻihaʻi ʻana o ka mākeke, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka lako i hopena i ka piʻi koke ʻana o ka nui o ka lithium iron phosphate. Eia nō naʻe, ma waho aʻe o nā pihi mana kaʻa, aia kahi ʻāpana 'trillion' o ka moana polū hou e makemake ana i nā ʻeke lithium hao phosphate.

Trillion Power Storage Space Blue Ocean Market

Ke noʻonoʻo nei i kēlā makani makani, photovoltaic power generation a me nā ʻano hana mana hou o ka mana hou e loaʻa i nā pilikia intermittent a me ka volatility, a me ka waiwai a me ka lawe ʻana i ka uila pāʻoihana he mau hiʻohiʻona volatility, pehea e hōʻoia ai a kaulike i ke kūpaʻa o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka mana a me ka pono ua lilo i pilikia e hoʻokō ʻia i kēia manawa a me ka wā e hiki mai ana. pilikia, a ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ke kī e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia mau pilikia.

ʻO nā manaʻo o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka waiwai, ua like like ia, ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana ma ka lalo a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka piko, mālama i ka mana unpredictable e like me ka makani makani a i ʻole photovoltaics, a laila hoʻololi a hoʻopaʻa i ka hopena. Ma waena o ka nui o ka nui o ka ikehu i nā ala ʻenehana hou, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana hou a me ka emi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu electrochemical e loaʻa kekahi o ka ulu nui loa a ʻo ia ka mākeke moana polū e kokoke ana e puhi.

Hōʻike nā helu helu i ka makahiki 2021, ua hoʻolako maoli nā aupuni āpau a me nā aupuni kūloko ma mua o 300 mau kulekele e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻolālā kālā hoʻopukapuka kālā ma mua o 1.2 trillion yuan. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia makahiki, he 25 mau ʻāpana i hoʻokomo i ka ulu ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ma ka hōʻike hana aupuni federal.

Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Haitong Securities i ka hōʻike noiʻi e hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia o ka mālama mana hou ma Kina e ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 30GWh i 2025. Mai ka makahiki 2021, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mana o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu hou ma kahi o 5.7 GWh, e hōʻike ana i ka hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia o ka wahi mālama mana hou e hele i ka liʻiliʻi loa 5 ~ 6GWh. wahi no ka ulu pālua. Manaʻo ʻo Everbright Stocks e piʻi ana ka nui o ka mākeke wahi mālama ikehu o Kina i 0.45 trillion yuan i ka makahiki 2025, a e hoʻonui ʻia hoʻi i ka 1.3 trillion yuan ma 2030.

ʻO nā pākahi lithium Ternary me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe i alakaʻi i ka mākeke wahi mālama ikehu. Eia naʻe, i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka makahiki 2017, ua mau ke ahi a me nā pōʻino pahū i loko o nā kikowaena mana mālama mana. Ma waena o lākou, ua hana ʻia nā ulia ahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​luku 24 ma South Korea, e hoʻohana ana i nā pākahi lithium ternary. ʻO kēia ke kumu i koʻikoʻi ai nā mana kūpono e pili ana i ka palekana o nā pākahi lithium ternary ma ke ʻano he mana mālama mana.

Ma ka lā 29 o Iune i kēia makahiki, ua hāʻawi ka Comprehensive Department of the National Energy Management i kahi leka no ka noiʻi ʻana i nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka 'Twenty-five Trick Demands for Stopping Power Production Accidents (2022 Version) (Draft for Remark)', e komo pū ana me ka pale ʻana i ke ahi i loko o ka hale mana mālama uila electrochemical. ʻO nā koi o ka pōʻino i hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole pono ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenekini uila uila nui a me ka nui o ka mana e hoʻohana ai i nā ʻona lithium ternary a me nā pākaʻi sodium-sulfur, a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā pihi mana wailele.

I kēia pōʻaiapili, ua hoʻomaka wiwo ʻole nā ​​pahu lithium iron phosphate, i loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi hou i ka palekana, ke kumu kūʻai a me ke ola. ʻO ia ka mea pani o ka hana pākahi lithium ternary i kūkulu ʻia.

Ke piʻi aʻe nei ka pono o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu hale o nā mea liʻiliʻi, ma waena o nā huahana mana portable a me ka mana hana a/c, nā pahu hau a me nā mea uila ʻē aʻe e hoʻopau i ka mana nui a i ʻole ma ka laina no ka manawa lōʻihi ka mea nui.

Ma hope o ka pilikia ʻo Rūsia-Ukraine a me ke kūlana ʻino loa, ua mau ka pilikia o ka mana o ʻEulopa. Ua piʻi nui nā kumukūʻai kinoea maʻamau ma ʻEulopa i ka 550% i ka makahiki i hala, a ua piʻi maoli nō hoʻi nā kumukūʻai uila i loko o ka makahiki. He koʻikoʻi loa ke kūlana ma Farani a me Kelemania. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o ka mana kumu i hāʻawi ʻia ma Farani ma hope o ka makahiki e hiki aku i 1,130 euros / MWh, e ʻike ʻia ana ka hōʻailona 1,000 euro no ka manawa mua loa ma hope, kahi hoʻonui ʻoi aku ma mua o 1,000% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka lōʻihi like ma 2014. Ua loaʻa ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana like ma Germany i 995 Euros / MWh.

Ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻelua o ke kūlana ikehu ma lalo o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa geopolitical a me ke kākoʻo paʻa o nā kulekele aupuni, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka noi no nā mea mālama mana home ma ka mākeke ʻEulopa. Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka British Solar Energy Industry Association (Solar Energy UK), ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 3,000 solar panels ua hoʻokomo maoli ʻia ma luna o nā hale o nā hale Pelekania i kēlā me kēia pule i nā mahina i hala iho nei, ua paʻi ʻekolu i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kau kauwela ʻelua makahiki ma mua; Hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke hoʻihoʻi hou i ke kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka i loko o 3 a 5 mau makahiki ma ke kumukūʻai hoʻemi o ka waiho ʻana o ka lā

Ma ka ʻāina, ke piʻi aʻe nei ke ʻano o nā mea hale e hana ai i ka mana uila. E lawe i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe mana i hōʻike ʻia e Gree Electric ma ke ʻano he laʻana. Hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi pākaukau mālama ikehu i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ac, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke uku ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ka uila, a hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokele i ka ʻāpana ac ke kiʻekiʻe ke kumu kūʻai o ka ikehu uila. kaumaha. Ma kēia kahua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka lithium iron phosphate a me nā pono palekana ma mua o ternary

'He nui nā kūlana noi no ka lithium iron phosphate, ʻo ia ke kumu i hoʻonui koke ʻia ai ka nui o ka lithium iron phosphate i kēia manawa, a e hoʻomau mau ʻia e hoʻonui i ka wā e hiki mai ana.' Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Yang Hongxin.

Ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā mea e like me ka pono o ka mākeke, ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka mine lithium a me ka pōʻai mining, a me ka pōʻaiapili ulu ʻana o nā mea hoʻolako pākaukau lithium, manaʻo ʻo Yang Hongxin ma ka hapa ʻelua o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, e hoʻēmi ʻia ka pilina a me ke koi ma waena o ka nickel a me ka lithium. Me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia o ka hale hana pākaukau, e piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka pā uila. Aia kekahi ʻano koho. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka makahiki 2026, ʻo ke koho ʻana i nā pihi mana a me nā mea kanu mālama ikehu ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika hoʻi e hoʻonui i ka pono, no laila e paʻa mau nā kumu pākaukau i ka wā lōʻihi.

'Ua paʻa loa ka māhele kaʻa he 100 makahiki i ka wā mua, akā naʻe, nui nā ʻano like ʻole i ka ʻoihana kaʻa uila. ʻO ka ōlaʻi ʻo Fukushima, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o kaʻu hana ma Australia, a me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i nā mea ma nā awa o ʻApelika Hema e hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hana ʻana o nā hale hana kaʻa a puni ka honua. 2 mau makahiki, pono lākou e kū mehameha a ʻike i nā manawa paʻakikī.' wahi a Yang Hongxin.